动脉粥样硬化.ppt

* /images/vpv/000/000/000/814-0550x0475.jpg 重要器官的动脉粥样硬化症 主动脉粥样硬化 冠状动脉粥样硬化(重点学习） 颈动脉及脑动脉粥样硬化 肾动脉粥样硬化 四肢动脉粥样硬化 肠系膜动脉粥样硬化 动脉粥样硬化 本讲回顾： 动脉粥样硬化的基本病变 动脉粥样硬化的危险因素 正常 脂纹 粥样斑块 复合病变 小结 纤维斑块 动脉粥样硬化的危险因素 1.高脂血症 2.高血压 3.吸烟 4.糖尿病、高胰岛素血症 5.其它 思考题： 动脉粥样硬化的基本病变？有哪些高危因素？ 动脉粥样硬化对机体有哪些危害？如何预防？ * /cgi/content-nw/full/49/25/2379/FIG7 * http://www.koupoukis.gr/wp-content/uploads/HLIC///hdl-ldl.jpg Cholesterol is transported to the artery wall by LDL and transported from the artery wall back to the liver by HDL. /recent/2008/060308_a.html * This is about as normal as an adult aorta in America gets. The faint reddish staining is from hemoglobin that leaked from RBCs following death. The surface is quite smooth, with only occasional faint small yellow lipid streaks visible. * This is about as normal as an adult aorta in America gets. The faint reddish staining is from hemoglobin that leaked from RBCs following death. The surface is quite smooth, with only occasional faint small yellow lipid streaks visible. /images/products/en_us/detail/prod1900_dt.jpg http://www4.rgu.ac.uk/pharmacy_life/aboutus/page.cfm?pge=74918 Foam cells are cells in an atheroma derived from macrophages[1] which have engulfed low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) by endocytosis. The LDLs have crossed the endothelial barrier becoming oxidized by reactive oxygen species. Foam cells form the fatty streaks of the plaques of atheroma in the tunica intima of arteries. Foam cells are not dangerous as such, but can become a problem when they accumulate at particular foci thus creating a necrotic centre of atherosclerosis. If the fibrous cap that prevents the necrotic centre from spilling into the lumen of a vessel ruptures, a thrombus can form which can lead to emboli occluding smaller vessels. The occlusion of small vessels results in ischemia, and contributes to stroke and myocardial infarction, two of the leading causes of cardiovascular-related death. * This is about as normal as an adult aorta in America gets. The faint r