高三英语一轮复习---sentencestructure句子成分讲练教学.pptxVIP

句子成分(jù zichéngfèn)讲练;一、句子成分(jù zichéngfèn);句子成分(jù zichéngfèn)详解表;（一）主语 (Subject) 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面(hòu mian)。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：;1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2.We often speak English in class. 3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 5.Smoking does harm to the health. 6.The rich should help the poor. ;7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 8.It is necessary to master a foreign language. ; （二）谓语 (Predicate) 谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词(dòngcí)在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的???成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词(dòngcí)或动词(dòngcí)短语构成。如： He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock. 2、复合谓语： （1）由情态动词(dòngcí)或其他助动词(dòngcí)加动词(dòngcí)原形构成。如： You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词(dòngcí)加表语构成。如： We are students. 注意：谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。;（三）表语(Predicative) 表语用以说明主语(zhǔyǔ)的性质、特征、状态与身份，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、 副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语及表语从句表示。例如： ;1.Our teacher of English is an American. （名词(míng cí)） 2.Is it yours?（代词） 3.The weather has turned cold.（形容词） 4.The speech is exciting.（分词） 5.Three times seven is twenty one?（数词）;6.His job is to teach English.（不定式） 7.His hobby is playing football.（动名词） 8.The meeting is of great importance. （介词短语(duǎnyǔ)） 9.Time is up. The class is over.（副词） 10.The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）;注意：系动词（Linking verb)用于连接主语和表语，说明主语的状态，性质(xìngzhì)特征和身份等。;注意：系动词（Linking verb)用于连接主语和表语，说明主语的状态，性质特征(tèzhēng)和身份等。;（四）宾语（Object） 宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于(wèiyú)及物动词和介词后面。例如： 1.They went to see an exhibition yesterday. 2.The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time. 3.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.;4.They helped the old with their housework yesterday. 5.He pretended not to see me. 6.I enjo