氨基酸的分类和性质.pptVIP

第3章 蛋白质 chapter 3 Protein;本章主要内容/Contents of this chapter;蛋白质的化学组成 Chemical Constitution of Proteins; 蛋白质的元素组成 ;氨基酸Amino Acids;; 除甘氨酸外，其余19种氨基酸的α-碳原子都是手性碳原子，这些氨基酸都有D型和L型两种构型。 With the exception of glycine（甘氨酸）, the α-carbon of the other 19 amino acids is chiral（手性的） and they are all L-amino acids. ;自然界已发现300种以上的氨基酸 More than 300 amino acids have been discovered in nature.; 但只有22种在翻译时能直接参入到蛋白质分子之中，这22种氨基酸被称为蛋白质氨基酸，或者标准氨基酸，或者编码氨基酸。 But only 22 of them can be directly incorporated into proteins during translation and then are known as proteinogenic amino acids, or standard am