LEC存储管理教材.pptx

Operating SystemLecture SixMemory Management School of SoftwareNanjing University学习材料本主题教学目标 掌握存储治理的根本内容掌握固定分区存储治理掌握可变分区存储治理掌握对换、重定位、地址等概念初步掌握页式存储治理初步掌握段式存储治理学习材料Memory ManagementIntroduction to Memory ManagementFixed Partitioning Dynamic Partitioning Relocation PagingSegmentation学习材料Memory ManagementSubdividing memory to accommodate multiple processesMemory needs to be allocated efficiently to pack as many processes into memory as possible学习材料Memory Management RequirementsRelocationProgrammer does not know where the program will be placed in memory when it is executedWhile the program is executing, it may be swapped to disk and returned to main memory at a different location (relocated)Memory references must be translated in the code to actual physical memory address学习材料Addressing Requirements for a Process学习材料Memory Management RequirementsProtectionProcesses should not be able to reference memory locations in another process without permissionImpossible to check absolute addresses in programs since the program could be relocatedMust be checked during execution学习材料Memory Management RequirementsSharingAllow several processes to access the same portion of memoryBetter to allow each process (person) access to the same copy of the program rather than have their own separate copy学习材料Memory Management RequirementsLogical OrganizationPrograms are written in modulesModules can be written and compiled independentlyDifferent degrees of protection given to modules (read-only, execute-only)Share modules学习材料Memory Management RequirementsPhysical OrganizationMemory available for a program plus its data may be insufficientOverlaying allows various modules to be assigned the same region of memoryProgrammer does not know how much space will be available学习材料Memory ManagementIntroduction to Memory ManagementFixed Partitioning Dynamic Partitioning Relocation PagingSegmentation学习材料Fixed PartitioningFixed partitions: Equal-size and Unequal-sizeany process whose size is less than or equa