垄作玉米机械除草装置的设计说明书.docxVIP

a 垄作玉米机械除草装置的设计摘 要 垄作玉米机械除草装置的设计 摘 要 玉米作为我国主要的粮食作物，可供食用，又可被用于作为动物饲养，在工业生产等方面也有广泛应用，因此保障玉米产量对于发展畜牧业和工业都具有非常重要的意义。田间草害是导致玉米产量下降主要因素之一，相关研究表明，严重的草害可使玉米产量下降50%以上。机械除草作为田间草害的重要解决手段，虽有较长的发展历史，但仍然存在破土率低，伤苗率高的问题。 本文在分析现有机械除草技术的基础上，针对我国现有的机械除草装置研究存在的不足，设计了垄作玉米机械除草装置，针对现有中耕机作业时苗间除草效率低、伤苗率高等问题，设计了垄作玉米机械除草装置，在设计中，确定了除草刀刀刃曲线及其基本尺寸，并用反转法设计了凸轮，通过凸轮摇杆机构的设计将电机的连续转动转换为除草刀的往复摆动，降低了伤苗率。详细描述了苗间除草装置的主要结构和工作原理，建立和分析了除草刀避苗运动轨迹数学模型，优化除草装置避苗运动轨迹，用反转法设计了凸轮，并在此基础上对垄作玉米机械除草装置的关键部件，如除草刀，凸轮摇杆机构和弹簧等进行了设计。对比于传统除草机械，本文拟设计的除草机将电机的旋转通过凸轮转变为除草刀的往复运动，降低了伤苗率。 关键词：凸轮摇杆；除草；伤苗率；反转法 Design on Mechanical Weeding Device of Ripple Maize Design on Mechanical Weeding Device of Ripple Maize Abstract Maize is one of the main food crops in China. It is not only edible for people, but also used in animal feed and industrial production. Therefore, ensuring corn production is of great significance for the development of animal husbandry and industry. Field grass damage is one of the main factors leading to the decline of corn yield. Relevant research shows that severe grass damage can reduce corn yield by more than 50%. At present, the main methods of weeding in China include manual weeding, chemical weeding, and mechanical weeding. Manual weeding is labor intensive and inefficient, and only a few areas use manual weeding methods. The chemical weeding machine has high efficiency and saves manpower. It is the current mainstream weeding method, but the chemical weeding method effectively controls the weeds and also has many adverse effects. For example, repeated use of herbicides makes the field weeds resistant and seriously pollutes the farmland environment. Pesticide residues threaten peoples diet and health. In recent years, with the increasing awareness of environmental protection, mechanical weeding has gradually attracted peoples attention. Mechanical weeding has the advantages of high herbicidal efficiency and low environmental pollution. Therefore, research on mechanical weeding is of great significance. In ord