坝底乡小河沟泥石流危险性评价及治理.docVIP

东华理工大学09届本科生毕业设计（论文） 摘要 PAGE PAGE I 东华理工大学09届本科生毕业设计（论文） 摘要 摘 要 泥石流是一种暴发突然、危害严重的地质灾害。随着人类社会经济活动的不断增强,人们对自然资源的过度索取和对环境的持续破坏,使得泥石流灾害更趋严重。因此必须加强对泥石流灾害的调查、研究和防治,从而尽可能地防范泥石流灾害的发生,尽量减轻灾害损失，达到防灾减灾的目的。 本文的研究对象小河沟位于四川省北川县,分析了小河沟泥石流的三个形成条件,并按照地形与物源特征把该流域划分为三个区域:形成区、流通区和堆积区。并通过对水质的分析，建议在施工中必须考虑排水问题,计算分析小河沟泥石流的容重、流速、流量、冲击力等运动特征，得出小河沟是一个典型的中频稀性沟谷型泥石流沟,在分析计算小河沟泥石流运动特征的基础上, 根据泥痕断面法，采用雨洪法、东川泥石流流速公式计算结果，主沟堆积扇泥石流容重γc＝15.88 KN/m3（1.62 g/cm3）。平均流速为3.62m/s，平均流量45.43m3/s。20年、50年一遇流量分别为41.01m3/s，51.4m 本文在计算分析小河沟泥石流运动特征的基础上，针对小河沟这类中频稀性泥石流提出了乡镇泥石流防治建议,即: 根据沟内的工程地质条件本泥石流沟的治理可采用排导槽+一级拦砂坝。 关键词：小河沟； 泥石流； 成因； 防治工程措施； 排导 东华理工大学毕业设计（论文） 摘要 东华理工大学09届本科生毕业设计（论文） ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Mud-rock flow is a geo-hazard which outbreaks abruptly and causes a severe consequence. Along with development of human society,the mud-rock flow disasters become more severe because of people’s ove robtainment of natura lresource and constante destruection of the environment. Thus, in order to diminish the occurrence probability of disasters and weaken the loss of it, the investigation and assessment should be strengthen and prevention meansures should be taken. The study area of the Xiaohegou gully is situated in Beichuan County of Sichuan province. This article analysed three formation conditions of Xiaohegou debris, and source characteristics of topography and watershed stream was divided into three areas: formation, circulation and accumulation zone. On this basis, calculation and analysis of Xiaohegou bulk density, velocity, flow rate, impact of debris flow movement characteristics, we dilute valleys of Xiaohegou is a typical medium-frequency type debris flow gully, and in this article on the basis of analysis of debris flow movement characteristics in Xiaohegou, according to mud marks section method, rainwater flood peak calculation method , Don