新高考英语语法三轮复习[83] 被动语态复习（含练习与答案）.pdfVIP

2021届衡水中学新高考英语 语法三轮复习讲义 [83] 被动语态复习 一、能够改成被动语态的三种主动语态的句型结构 1. S +V+O 2. S+V+O+OC 3. S+V+IO+DO 二、怎样将一个主动语态的句子改成被动语态。 （四步） （略） 三、被动语态的其他用法 1．由“动词+名词+介词”构成的短语动词，如 pay attention to, take careof, make use of 等用于被动语态时，通常将整个短 语动词当作一个及物动词，也可将其中的名词 （短语）提前作 主语构成被动语态。如： We take good care of these little trees. →These little trees are taken good care of. →Good care is taken of these little trees. 2．使役动词 have, make 等和感官动词 see, watch, notice, hear,feel, observe 等后接不定式作宾语补足语时，主动结构 中用不带to 的不定式，被动结构则用带to 的不定式。如： My mother often makes me wash my clothes. →Im often made to wash my clothes by my mother. I saw the teacher go into the classroom. →The teacher was seen to go into the classroom by me. 3．当cut, wash, write, sell,wear, lock 等动词表示主语的属 性、特征时，不用被动语态。试比较： The blue coat washes well. (表属性、特征) The blue coat was washed yesterday.(表动作) The new door won’t lock easily. (表属性、特征) The door was locked by the boy. (表动作) 4．某些表示“发生（happen, take place, occur）”、“爆发（break out, burst out）”和“传播 （spread）”的动词没有被动语态。 如： Great changes have taken place in our country since 1980. Fire broke out during the night. The news spread like wild fire. 5．一些表示静态意义的及物动词（短语），如 have,hold, cost, fit, belong to, date back to, look like 等没有被动语态。如： This big hall built last year can hold about 3,000 people. The old temple dates back to the Song Dynasty. 6．look, smell, sound, feel,taste 等用作系动词时不用于被动 语态。如： The eggs I bought last week smell bad. The wine tastes like water. 四、被动语态与八大时态的综合运用 1）一般现在时 构成：am /is /are + 过去分词 e.g. The Olympic Games are held every four years. 奥运会每四年召开一次。 2）一般过去时 构成：was /were + 过去分词 e.g. The fire which lasted three hours was put out finally. 持续了三个小时的大火终于被扑灭了。 3）一般将来时 构成：will /shall + be + 过去分词 e.g. More roads will be built to solve the problem of trafficjams. 更多的路将被建成来解决交通堵塞问题。 4）现在进行时 构成：am / is /are + being + 过去分词 e.g. A big factory is being built in my hometown