新高考英语语法三轮复习[86] 情态动词（含练习与答案）.pdfVIP

2021届衡水中学新高考英语 语法三轮复习讲义 [86] 情态动词 一、一些情态动词的常见用法 1.can和 may 都可表示允许。如 ： Can/ May Itakethe bookout? 2.would和usedto都可表示“ （过去）常常”，但“would + 动词原形”单纯表示过去经常做某事，而“usedto +动词原形”表 示过去常常做某事而现在不做了。如 ： Bobwould always turnandwave at the end of thestreet. Iusedtosmoke, but Igave upa couple ofyears ago. 3.may,might,could,must都可表示肯定推测，其中，might 语气最弱，must 语气最强。must 表推测时，否定句和疑问句 中用can。如 ： It may ormay not rain. Im not sure Ill go to Jeff s Party. I might go to the concert instead. It could costyour life ifyouare not careful. You must be Mr.Smith. Iwas toldto pickyou up. The girl ridingthe bike cant be Mary.Shes in New York. Theres some one outside.Who can it be? 二、一些情态动词的特殊用法 1.should表示惊异，意为“竟然”。如 ： It wasnt right that such near neighbours should not know one another. 2. must表示“偏要，硬要”。如 ： Must you worry her with questions, just when shes busy cooking? 3.shall用于陈述句中，表示许诺、威胁、决心、规定等。 如 ： Ifyouwork hardyoushall have a holiday onSaturday. Ifyouwont doas Itellyou,youshall not gotothe party. The enemy shall not pass. Eachcompetitorshallweara number. 三、“情态动词+have done”结构 1.could have done可表示“过去本来能够做某事而实际 上没有做”。如 ： I could have come here a little earlier, but Im late because of the badtraffic. 2.must havedone表示对过去已经发生过的情况的肯定推 测，语气较强。如 ： Sally must have receivedthe book; Isent it a monthago. 3.may/ might havedone表示对已经发生过的情况的肯定 推测，语气稍弱。如 ： Eva didnt come on time. She may /might have missedthe bus. 4.should/ ought to have done表示“过去本该做某事而实 际上没有做”。如 ： The flowers have died. I should /ought to have wateredthemoften. 5. neednt have done表示“本不必做某事而实际上做了”。 如 ： It is warmtoday.You neednt havewornyourcoat. 注意 ： ①didnt needto do表示“过去没必要做，实际上也没做某 事”。如 ： Gary didnt needto get upearly