超声波测距仪的设计及高考语文试卷.doc

前言 河南科技大学本科毕业设计（论文） PAGE I 超声波测距仪的设计 摘 要 当今社会，人们对长度或距离测量的要求越来越高。一些传统的测量方法在某些特殊场合已不能满足人们的需求，如带腐蚀的液体，强电磁干扰，有毒等恶劣条件。而超声波具有指向性强，能量消耗缓慢，可长距离进行传播的优点，因此设计出一个能够精确、稳定、实时测距的实用型超声波测距仪，以便在某些特殊场合能够满足人们使用，显得尤为重要。 本超声波测距仪是以STC89C51RC单片机为核心控制芯片，该单片机响应速度快、扩展性良好、有很好的抗干扰能力。基于此单片机的超声波测距仪可以实时、稳定、准确地用于距离的测量。传感器部分利用反相器74LS04和超声波发射换能器作为超声波发射电路，采用集成芯片CX20216A作为超声波接收电路。通过两个独立按键进行状态控制，并用4位共阳LED数码管作为显示设备的硬件设计方案。软件部分采用模块化的设计方法，由主程序、发射子程序、接收中断子程序、显示子程序等模块组成。采用C语言，逐模块设计程序，最终使各部分结合起来协调工作，实现对距离的实时检测。 该超声波测距仪能够满足基本的使用功能，电路的工作稳定、检测的速度较快，计算结构简单，可以做到实时控制。但由于本人的技术能力，经验不足等因素，元件选取及设计尚有不足之处，离真正的产品还有一定的差距，还需要进一步完善。 关键词：STC89C51RC单片机,超声波，74LS04，CX20216A,LED THE DESIGN OF ULTRASONIC DISTANCE MEASURE ABSTRACT In todays society, the demands of people on length or distance measurement are more and more. Some of the traditional measuring methods already cant satisfy peoples needs in some special occasions , such as with the corrosion of the liquid, strong electromagnetic interference, toxic and so on bad conditions. Because of that ultrasonic directionality is strong, energy consumption is slow, and communication distance is far in the medium , therefore to design a accurate, stable, real-time ranging practical ultrasonic rangefinder, so that in some special situations can satisfy people use, is particularly important. The control chip of the ultrasonic rangefinder is STC89C51RC single-chip microcomputer.this single chip microcomputer is fast response, scalability, good,and have very good anti-interference ability. Based on the single chip microcomputer,the ultrasonic rangefinder can be real-time, stable and accurate used for the measurement. of the distance. The hardware design is using inverter 74 LS04 and ultrasound transducer as ultrasonic launching circuit and the integrated chips CX20216A as ultrasonic receiving circuit,.Through the two independent buttons control the state, and a total of 4 Yang LED as the digital display device . Software part uses modular design method, and it has the main pro