中考英语复习宾语从句学案.docxVIP

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宾语从句 讲与练 讲义--中考英语备考 考点讲解 1.宾语从句 【概念】 (1)宾语从句:宾语从句是名词性从句的一种.宾语从句在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.但是在初中阶段,主要要求学生掌握动词的宾语从句. 例如: John said that he was good at swimming. 约翰说他擅长游泳. My teacher asked me why I was late for school. 我的老师问我为什么上学迟到了. (2)连接词 引导宾语从句的连接词分为:从属连词,连接代词、连接副词. ①从属连词:that,whether,if. ②连接代词:who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever. ③连接副词:when,where,why,how,whenever,however. 【用法】 (1)宾语从句的引导词 ①由that?引导的陈述句性的宾语从句.用在如say,think,wish,hope,see,believe,agree,expect,hear,feel等动词后.连词that只起连接作用,在从句中不做句子的成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略.例如: The radio says?(that)?it will be cloudy tomorrow. 无线电报道明天将要阴天. Toms mother told him?(that)?Mary was a good girl. 汤姆的妈妈告诉他玛丽是个好姑娘. ②由连词if、whether?引导的宾语从句.if、whether主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句,从句同样是陈述语序.whether,if?意思是是否,在从句中不做句子的成分,一般情况下,whether和if?可以替换.例如: I dont know if/whether the sports meeting will be put off. 我不知道是否运动会将会推迟. The teacher asked if/whether they could hand in their homework on time. ?老师问是否他们能准时交上作业. ③以连接代词which,what,who等或连接副词how,where,why?等引导的宾语从句,从句要用陈述语序.例如: I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么. She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好. (2)宾语从句的时态 ①当主句为一般现在时态、现在进行时态、或一般将来时态时,从句可用所需要的任何时态.例如: I want to know what time he got up this morning. 我想知道他今天早上什么时候起床的. I know she has studied English since 2010. 我知道她自从2010年以来已经学英语了. ②当主句为一般过去时态时,从句要用于过去有关的时态.例如: The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America. 老师告诉我们汤姆已经离开我们去美国了. He asked what Jim was doing now. 他问吉姆现在在做什么. ③当从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时,宾语从句要使用一般现在时.例如: My brother asked whether light travels faster than sound. 我弟弟问光是否比声音传播得快. Mary said no news is a good news. 玛丽说没有消息就是好消息. 【易混淆点】 ★注意:一般情况下,whether?和if?可以互用,但有些情况例外. ①当从句做介词的宾语时,只用whether不用if. We are talking about whether well go shopping. 我们正在谈论我们是否将去购物. ②引导词与动词不定式或?not连用时,只用whether. Please let me know what we can do next. 请让我知道我们下一步能做什么. Could you tell me whether you have a beautiful dog or not? 你能告诉我你是否你又一条漂亮的狗吗? ③if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句,这时不能用wh

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