视频信号分类及介绍.ppt

视频信号分类及介绍 XXX Color Spaces RGB - most basic of the color spaces YCbCr - digital representation of the video signal developed as part of ITU-R BT.601 Nominal ranges of: Y = 16-235 Cb, Cr = 16-240 YPbPr - analog representation of the video signal RGB to YCbCr - HDTV assumes 8-bit data with a 16–235 nominal range YPbPr Generation - HDTV assumes 10-bit DAC with an output range of 0–1.305V Video Signals Composite video: = y + u * sin wsct +v * cos wsct S video: luma = y chroma = u * sin wsct +v * cos wsct Component video: luma = y Pb = 1.146 * u Pr = 0.813 * v RGB Composite Video Standards NTSC, PAL, SECAM NTSC: Color is quadrature-modulated by subcarrier. Short burst of subcarrier at the beginning of each line used as reference for amplitude (saturation) and phase (hue). PAL: Similar to NTSC. Burst phase alternates from line to line. SECAM: Color is frequency modulated. Composite Video Signal(Example: NTSC) Composite Frequency Spectrum(Example: NTSC) Many formats exist with different resolutions and frame (refresh) rates Always 3 color components: Red, Green, Blue Synchronization is carried via TTL-style ‘dedicated’ HSYNC,VSYNC signals HSYNC: 1 pulse per line VSYNC: 1 pulse per frame (field) Popular PC Graphics Formats A total of 18 formats exists, defined by ATSC (Advanced Television Systems Committee) 1080I (1080 active lines, interlaced) and 720P (720 lines, progressive) are two of the most popular formats Both result in same same pixel (sampling) clock frequency of 74.25MSPS (calculation below) Based on this an 80MSPS DAC is sufficient for HDTV Popular Component Video Formats HDTV { SDTV { RGB Component Video NOTE: Trilevel sync shown is for HDTV; bilevel (negative sync) for SDTV YPbPr Component Video (HDTV) NOTE: Trilevel sync shown is for HDTV; bilevel (negative sync) for SDTV 视频信号分类及介绍 XXX SEP 2007