医学英语翻译从句的翻译diana.pptxVIP

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  • 2022-07-12 发布于四川
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1 Medical English Translation Clause 2 从句类型 定语从句 状语从句 其他类从句 3 定语从句在医学英语中应用极广。一般由that, which, who, as, but等关系代词或when, where, how, why等关系副词引导,用来修饰主句中的某个名词或代词,有时也能修饰主句的一部分或整个主句。主句中被定语从句所修饰的部分称为先行词。 定语从句分为限制性和非限制性两种,其翻译方法也略有不同。 定语从句 4 定语从句 限制性定语从句 这类定语从句与所修饰的先行词关系密切,并对其起限制、明确作用,通常不用逗号与主句隔开。译法主要有以下几种: (1)照译 若定语从句较短,对先行词的限制性也较强,可将其译为先行词的修饰语,即译为“…的”。 5 定语从句 People should be familiar with those symptoms and signs which may be indicative of tumors. which 引导的定语从句修饰 those signs and symptoms 人们应该熟悉那些提示肿瘤的症状和体征。 6 定语从句 Many complications which the common cold causes are serious. 感冒引起的许多并发症是严重的。 Aspirin is considered a safe drug for general use, however, it may cause severe asthma or other illness in people who are allergic to it. 阿司匹林被认为是应用广泛的安全药物,然而,对其过敏者服用后会发生严重哮喘或其他疾病。 7 定语从句 Such use as we are able to make of helpful bacteria and such control as we have of harmful ones depend upon our knowledge of their habits. 由as 所引导的两个定语从句分别修饰use 和 control。 对有益细菌的利用和对有害细菌的控制取决于对细菌习性的了解。 8 定语从句 (2)转译为并列分句 若定语从句较长,对主句中先行词的限制关系较弱,为了符合汉语的表达习惯,可将其转译为并列分句。 9 定语从句 The blood flows from the small arteries into the capillaries in which it gives up oxygen to the body cells and removes wastes from the tissues. in which 译为“在毛细血管中”。 血液由小动脉流入毛细血管,在毛细血管中把氧释放给身体的细胞并清除组织中的废物。 10 定语从句 Several different clinical classifications exist which vary only in detail. which引导的定语从句修饰classifications,可灵活地译为“而”。 有几种不同的临床分类法,而这些方法也只是细节上有所差异。 11 定语从句 The heart is a muscular organ which is divided into a right and left half by a muscular wall. which 可省略不译,其他部分照译。 心脏是肌性器官,由肌壁分为左右两半。 12 定语从句 Matter is composed of molecules that are composed of atoms. 引导词that可重复先行词的内容“分子”。 物质由分子组成,而分子又由原子组成。 13 定语从句 (3)转译为状语从句 有时,定语从句在意义上起着各种状语从句的作用,表示主句谓语的原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、伴随等关系。翻译此类从句时,可作状语处理。 14 定语从句 The sick child who had been given the medicine soon fell asleep. who 引导的定语从句转译为时间状语从句。 患儿服药后很快就睡着了。 15 定语从句 The patient who was treated with great care and in time recovered last week. who 引导

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