电子通讯专业英语Unit-III-5.pptxVIP

;;;;;;; The WSN is built of nodes – from a few to several hundreds or even thousands, where each node is connected to one (or sometimes several) sensors（as shown in Fig.17-1）. Each such sensor network node has typically several parts: a?radio transceiver?with an internal?antenna?or connection to an external antenna, a?microcontroller, an electronic circuit for interfacing with the sensors and an energy source. ; 无线传感器网络内置 “节点”，从几个到几百甚至上千，其中每个节点都连接到一个（或有时是多个）传感器。每一个这样的传感器网络节点通常由几部分组成：内置天线或连接外部天线的无线收发信机，微控制器，传感器接口电路和电源。传感器节点的尺寸从鞋盒大小到一粒灰尘大小不等。;A?sensor node?might vary in size from that of a shoebox down to the size of a grain of dust. The cost of sensor nodes is similarly variable, ranging from a few to hundreds of dollars, depending on the complexity of the individual sensor nodes. Size and cost constraints on sensor nodes result in corresponding constraints on resources such as energy, memory, computational speed and communications bandwidth. The topology of the WSNs can vary from a simple?star network?to an advanced?multi-hop?wireless mesh network. ;传感器节点的成本同样是可变的，从几美元到数百美元不等，这取决于单个传感器节点的复杂性。传感器节点的尺寸和成本限制了其相应的资源，如能源，存储器，运算速度和通信带宽。无线传感器网络的拓扑结构，可以从一个简单的星型网络到复杂的多跳无线网状网络。;Applications Area monitoring Area monitoring is a common application of WSNs. In area monitoring, the WSN is deployed over a region where some phenomenon is to be monitored. A military example is the use of sensors detect enemy intrusion; a civilian example is the?geo-fencing?of gas or oil pipelines.;应用 区域监测 区域监测是无线传感器网络中一种常见的应用。在小区监控中，无线传感器网络部署在一个区域，对区域中一些现象进行监测。例如，在军事应用中利用传感器探测到敌人的入侵;在民用中为天然气或石油管道提供地理围栏服务。; Environmental/Earth monitoring The term Environmental Sensor Networks has evolved to cover many applications of WSNs to earth science research.?This includes sensing volcanoes, oceans,?glaciers,?forests,?etc. For example forest fire detection. A network of Sensor Nodes can be installed in a forest to detect when a fire has started. The nodes can be equipped with sensors to measure temperature, hu