大三上统计学estimation.pptx

JUFE-International School-03 International Trade Class One;Statistics in practice;The quality-examination department did the random sample from a quantity of food which produced in one day. It take out 25 bags. The follow table shows the result of this examination.;When the report handed up, the leaders of this company gave same advices: the first one is whether the sample size is suitable? Can we use a bigger sample to estimate? The second one is whether we can reduce the estimated error? For example, the estimated error of weight average is not more than 3g and the estimated error of quality goods rate is not more than 10%. The third one is what is the variance of population average weight? Because the variance shows the stability of produce process, too big or too small variance both mean that the produce process needs to be adjusted.;Emphases: Probability statements about the sampling error The basic principle of interval estimation Interval estimation of a population mean: Small-Sample Case Determining the Sample Size Difficulties: The Normal Distribution the Standard Normal Random Distribution T-distribution The principle of interval estimation The pose of the population variance in stratified random sampling and cluster sampling;8.1 INTERVAL ESTIMATION OF A POPULATION MEAN: LARGE-SAMPLE CASE(30);8.11 Sampling error; conclude that the sampling distribution of can be approximated by a normal probability distribution with a mean and a standard deviation , that is ;8.1.2 Probability Statements about the Sampling Error;If , we consult the standard normal distribution table and find that . ;8.1.3 Calculating an Interval Estimate: Large-Sample Case with σ Known;;Because 95% of the sample means are within the shaded region, 95%of all intervals formed by subtracting 3.92 from and adding 3.92 to will include μ. Thus we are 95% confident that an interval constructed