材料工程基础课件：Chapter 1 Ore preparation矿石准备.ppt

材料制备原理与工艺，48学时蒋成保，张跃材料制备技术，32学时蒋成保 Including: l??Metals (金属)，32学时 l?Ceramic materials （无机非金属材料），16学时 课程意义 1. 与新材料制备科学息息相关 纳米材料 信息薄膜材料 高性能飞机发动机叶片用单晶材料 快速凝固技术 2. 教学大纲内容为基础 以金属、特种陶瓷材料为重点 3. 结合材料学院特色方向 Part one: Metals l??????? Ore preparation l??????? Extraction and refining of metals冶金 l??????? Melting and casting of metals铸造 l??????? Forging and rolling锻造 l??????? Heat treatment processes热处理 l??????? The joining of metals焊接 l??????? Engineering alloys Chapter one: Ore preparation矿石准备 1. 矿石类型(Types of ore) Oxides: Iron, aluminum, tin and titanium. Sulphides: Copper, lead, zinc, and nickel. Oxy-salt ores Native metals: unreactive metals(e.g. Au, Ag, Pt, Cu, Hg) have found in the elemental (uncombined) state. 2. Ore preparation Fe, 40-60%, Fe2O3, SiO2, CaO, Al2O3 Cu, Cu2S，0.4%-5%， Al, Al2O3, 40%-60% This stage, which is also known as ore dressing (选矿), follows mining （采矿） and prepares the ore for extraction （冶金）. It controls the particle size and cleans the ore by removing much of the gangue. Dressing may also remove particle substances containing undesirable elements, which may be difficult or impossible to remove later. The main objectives of ore dressing are 1.?? The liberation of the valuable minerals from the gangue minerals. 2.?? The separation of the valuable minerals from the gangue minerals. The first objective is achieved by concentration process which are referred to as Comminution(破碎）. The second objective is accomplished by concentration processes, which exploit differences in physical properties between the valuable and gangue minerals, such as those of relative density, magnetic and surface properties. 2.1 Comminution 破碎 crushing,， jaw crushers （15cm-5cm） cone crusher （5cm-2mm） Grinding，ball miller (0.5mm-0.05mm) 2.2 Concentration Magnetic Seperation Magnetic separators are used to separate valuable magnetic mineral from nonmagnetic gangue or magnetic contaminations from nonmagnetic valu