润湿与流平介绍.pdfVIP

Coating Additives Wetting and Leveling 润湿与流平 1 Surface Tension 表面张力 Water on Surface Water in Bulk • Molecules in the bulk are equally attracted from all sides. 体相内水分子受力平衡 • Molecules on the surface possess asymmetric attractive (cohesive) forces down into the bulk to hold the liquid together – creates surface tension. 表面的水分子只收到内部水分 子的吸引力而引起表面张力 2 Surface Energy, Contact Angle and Wetting 表面能，接触角与润湿 gLA AIR LIQUID gSA Ɵ gLS SUBSTRATE Young’s Equation: g = g + g cos Ɵ SA LS LA If Ɵ= 0, then the liquid completely wets the substrate If 0 Ɵ 90°, then the liquid partially wets the substrate If Ɵ 90°, then the liquid does not wet the substrate 3 What Factors Determine Wetting Performance? 影响润湿的因素 4 Static Surface Tension 静态表面张力 ❖ 拉环法 ❖ 板法 液体表面是一个均衡的状态 表面活性剂已定向排列好。 把铂环从液体中慢慢拉出， 使气液界面形成薄膜的力 与静态表面张力成正比。 5 Dynamic Surface Tension 动态表面张力 Surface tension is lowered when surfactant molecules assemble at the air/liquid interface ⚫ Many industrial processes apply coatings at high speeds, creating large surface areas