EPASEA战略环境评估.ppt

Strategic Environmental Assessment Sheena Wurthmann 第一页，共三十八页。 Introduction what SEA is and why it is needed how it can be used as a planning tool how it links to sustainable development and project environmental impact assessment limitations of SEA where SEA is being used. ?? 第二页，共三十八页。 What is SEA There are many definitions of strategic environmental assessment (SEA). Sadler and Verheem (1996) call it: a systematic process for evaluating the environmental consequences of proposed policy, plan or programme initiatives in order to ensure they are fully included and appropriately addressed at the earliest appropriate stage of decision making on par with economic and social considerations. Therivel et al. (1992) define it as: the formalised, systematic and comprehensive process of evaluating the environmental effects of a policy, plan or programme and its alternatives, including the preparation of a written report on the findings of that evaluation, and using the findings in publicly accountable decision-making. Perhaps the simplest definition of SEA is that it is the environmental impact assessment process applied to policies, plans and programmes, keeping in mind that the process of evaluating environmental impacts at a strategic level is not necessarily the same as evaluating them at a project level. 第三页，共三十八页。 SEA is meant to be a continuous source of environmental information throughout all the stages of decision-making, as shown below.? Note that the stages do not necessarily follows one another: for instance, the identification of alternatives may show that other aspects of the environmental baseline need to be analysed.? 第四页，共三十八页。 Stages in SEA Plan-making stage SEA stage Purpose of SEA stage Early in the plan-making process Decide whether SEA is needed “Screening” Context setting Describe the environmental and policy context that affects the plan Establish how the plan is affected by outside factors, provide an evidence base for impact predic