ALEVEL化学讲课课件.pptVIP

HYDRATES Some ionic compounds “collect” water from the moisture in the air. They trap this “collected water” in their crystals. When they have trapped this water, they are called “hydrates”. Their formula includes water, written after a raised dot: MgSO4 · 5H20 (magnesium sulfate pentahydrate) ALEVEL化学全文共33页，当前为第31页。 Prefix Mono Di Tri Tetra Penta Hexa Hepta Octa Nona Deca Number of H20’s 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Note: these prefixes will also be used when naming covalent compounds!!! Write the name of the ionic compound, then write the prefix in front of the word “hydrate”. ALEVEL化学全文共33页，当前为第32页。 Practice naming hydrates… CaCl2?2H2O Ba(OH)2?8H2O MgSO4?7H2O NaC2H3O2?3H2O FePO4?4H2O Calcium chloride dihydrate Barium hydroxide octahydrate Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Sodium acetate trihydrate Iron (III) phosphate tetrahydrate ALEVEL化学全文共33页，当前为第33页。 Ionic Compounds ALEVEL化学全文共33页，当前为第1页。 This is Important! On the Periodic Table… remember where to: and the nonmetals find the metals ALEVEL化学全文共33页，当前为第2页。 If You Don’t Remember How to Tell Metals From Nonmetals, Nothing in This Chapter Will Make Sense! ALEVEL化学全文共33页，当前为第3页。 Ionic Compounds There are two types of ionic compounds… Binary ionic compounds and… Ionic compounds that contain  “polyatomic ions”. ALEVEL化学全文共33页，当前为第4页。 Binary Ionic Compounds ALEVEL化学全文共33页，当前为第5页。 Type 1: Binary Ionic Compounds 1. “Binary” means 2… (as in “bicycle”… “2 wheels”)  A binary ionic compound has only… …2 elements: (example: BaCl2) The first element is always a metal! The second element is always a nonmetal! ALEVEL化学全文共33页，当前为第6页。 Type 1: Binary Ionic Compounds “2 elements” means just that… “2 elements”! There can be more than one ion of an element! Example: AlF3 AlF3 contains only 2 elements: Al F. AlF3 has 1 Al+3 ion, and 3 F-1 ions. {metal (+) nonmetal (-)} The subscript