毕业设计外文文献—Spring实战.docx

附录A 外文翻译-原文部分 《Spring In Action》,Craig Walls.2016,4-7,209-210 Although the Greek philosopher Heraclitus wasn’t well known as a software developer, he seemed to have a good handle on the subject. He has been quoted as saying, “The only constant is change.” That statement captures a foundational truth of software development. The way we develop applications today is different than it was a year ago, 5 years ago, 10 years ago, and certainly 15 years ago, when an initial form of the Spring Framework was introduced in Rod Johnson’s book, Expert One-on-One J2EE Design and Development(Wrox, 2002,http://mng.bz/oVjy). Back then, the most common types of applications developed were browser-based web applications, backed by relational databases. While that type of development is still relevant, and Spring is well equipped for those kinds of applications, we’re now also interested in developing applications composed of micro services destined for the cloud that persist data in a variety of databases. And a new interest in reactive programming aims to provide greater scalability and improved performance with non-blocking operations. As software development evolved, the Spring Framework also changed to address modern development concerns, including micro services and reactive programming. Spring also set out to simplify its own development model by introducing Spring Boot. Whether you’re developing a simple database-backed web application or constructing a modern application built around micro services, Spring is the framework that will help you achieve your goals. This chapter is your first step in a journey through modern application development with Spring. What is Spring? I know you’re probably itching to start writing a Spring application, and I assure you that before this chapter ends, you’ll have developed a simple one. But first, let me set the stage with a few basic Spring concepts that will help you understand what makes Spring tick. Any non-trivial application is compo