中考考点主谓一致详细大全.pdfVIP

主谓一致 主谓一致是指： 1） 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2） 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3） 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。 一、名词作主语的主谓一致 ⑴ 本身表示复数概念的，如 people, police, ca le, clothes 等，其谓 语动词要用复数形式。 例如： people are talking about the news. Ca le feed on grass. ⑵ 集合名词作主语，如强调整体，谓语动词常用单数；如表示组成集体的分 散个体，谓语动词要用复数。常见集合名词有：family, class, team, group, government, audience, crowd, company, public, army, staff, population, majority 等。 例如：My family is very large. His family are waiting for him. ⑶ 有些名词，如 equipment, furniture, baggage, machinery, clothing, jewellery 等在句子中作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。 例如：The furniture in my room is old now. ⑷ 表示时间，距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语时，常被 看做整体，谓语动词用单数。 例如： Twenty years is a long time. A hundred miles is quite a long drive, isn’t it? 二、代词的主谓一致 ⑴ 主语为 somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody, everything, nothing, something, either, neither, each, one, the other, another 等不定代词时， 谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。 e.g. Everyone is here. 大家都到齐了。 Nobody knows the answer. 没有人知道答案。 ⑵ all 指人时，谓语动词常用复数；指物时，谓语动词常用单数形式。 e.g. All was silent. (指物) All are here now. （指人） ⑶ Such 作主语，谓语动词要根据它所指的具体内容来决定单复数 Such is my plan. Such are his words. ⑷ 在定语从句中，关系代词 who, which, tha 等做主语时，其人称和数的 变化随要修饰的名词而定。 例如： Those who have seen the film please put up your hands. The man who is speaking at the meeting is our chairman. 【友情提示】辨析： ⑴ He is one of the teachers in our school who know Japanese. 他是我们学校懂日语的老师之一。（不止一个） ⑵ He is the only one of the teachers in our school who knows Japanese. 他是我们学校唯一一个懂日语的老师。 三、并列结构作主语的主谓一致 ⑴ 主语由 and 或 both… and 连接，谓语动词用复数形式（不可数名词谓语 也用复数） Both coffee and beer are on sale in the shop. Mr. John and Mrs. John are scientists. 【友情提示】 and 连接的名词表达的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，则两个名词公 用一个冠词（代词），谓语动词用单数形式。 The singer and dan