财务会计理论（第6版）威廉·R·斯科特-scott_6e_PPT_ch03.pptVIP

Copyright ? 2012 Pearson Canada Inc 3 - * Financial Accounting TheorySixth EditionWilliam R. ScottChapter 3 The Decision Usefulness Approach to Financial Reporting 3 - * Chapter 3The Decision Usefulness Approach to Financial Reporting 3 - * 3.2 The Decision Usefulness Approach It is the investor’s responsibility to make investment decisions Role of financial reporting is to supply information that is useful for this purpose To prepare useful information, the accountant must know investors’ decision needs An understanding of how investors make decisions helps the accountant to know their decision needs 3 - * 3.3 The Rational Decision Theory Model A model of rational decision making in the face of uncertainty Definition of rationality? A game against nature: “nature does not think” Other ways to make decisions? Continued 3 - * The Rational Decision Theory Model (continued) Role of the rational decision theory model in financial reporting Helps us understand how financial statement information helps investors to make investment decisions Captures average investor behaviour? 3 - * Bayes’ Theorem A device to revise state probabilities upon receipt of new evidence Θ is state of nature m is message received P(θ) is prior probability of θ (subjective) Formula 3 - * Bayes’ Theorem Applied to Accounting Information θ is state of firm θ1 = H = high future firm performance θ2 = L = low future firm performance m is evidence received from the financial statements m1 = GN = financial statements show good news m2 = BN = financial statements show bad news Suppose GN is received: 3 - * 3.3.2 The Information System Shows Evidence Probabilities, Conditional on Each State, for Input into Bayes’ Theorem Current Financial Statement Evidence GN BN Total H State of Nature L