隋铭才英语国家概况知识考点.docVIP

英国、美国 第1章 英美社会生活 American Social Life The striking diversity of its people The “nuclear family^, The gap between the poor and the rich is striking The morality of sex Violence IL British Social Life The two distinctions in the British society The different life styles in England A welfare state The living standards The concentration of population American Social Life （美国的社会生活） 1. The striking diversity of its people （惊人的人口多样性） The USA is a country that has more immigrants than any other country in the world. There are about 29 million black people in the USA who mainly came from Africa. The American Indians were the only indigenous people who had lived there long before America was discovered. 美国是一个拥有比世界上任何其他国家更多的移民的国家，大约有2千9 百万的非洲黑人。美洲印第安人是唯一的本土人，他们早在美国大陆被 发现之前就巳经在此居住了。 The “nuclear family（核心家庭） A family is usually made up of a father, a mother and two children. It is seldom that a family has more than four or five members, or that parents live together with their children who are married. Relatives, such as grandparents, uncles, aunts, cousins and in-laws usually live separately. This family structure is the so-called nuclear family,,. Though they still have close relationships among the relatives or the whole family group, the nuclear family,, is economically independent of rest of the family. 美国家庭通常由父亲，母亲和两个孩子组成。一个家里拥有四五个成 员，或父母与结了婚的子女一起生活的情况基本上是没有的。亲属，如 祖父母，叔叔，阿姨，表兄弟通常都不住在一起。这种家庭结构就是所 谓的“核心家庭”。虽然亲戚之间或整个家庭的关系很密切，但“核心家 庭”在经济上是独立于其他家庭的。 The gap between the poor and the rich is striking （穷人和富人之间的惊 人差距） The national wealth of the USA is unevenly distributed. It is true that five- sixths of all Americans live in conditions of relative comfort and wealth beyond what is necessary in life, but the remaining one-sixth are still poor, feeling that they are outcasts from their society. 美国的国家财富分配不均。六分之五的美国人住在相对舒适的环境中， 拥有的财富能够满足购买生活中的必需品。但剩下的六分之一仍然贫 困，他们感到自己是社会的弃儿。 The morality of sex （性道德） The American society is developing very quickly, while the spirit of the society is b