it基本用法及考点分析讲义-高三英语二轮复习.docxVIP

2023年高考英语语法知识讲义：it 基本用法及考点分析 一、it 基本用法全归纳 it看似简单，但用法却并不简单。它不仅可以指人也可以指物，不仅可以指时间和距离也可指自然现象和自然环境，不仅可用作形式主语也可用作形式宾语等。 1.用于指事物 it用于指代前面已提到过的事物，这是其基本用法。如: Water expands when it freezes.水结冰时体积膨胀。 It his is our new car.I bought it yesterday. 这是我们的新车。我昨天买的。 He didn’t give the money to John, but he gave it to me instead. 他没把钱给约,却给了我 I like pepper but it doesn’t like me.我喜欢吃胡椒,但胡椒不适合我的肠胃。 2.用于上文提到的情况 it有时并不指某种具体的事物，而是笼统地指前面提到的情况。如:If you keep doing that, it will do harm to your health,你要是续那样，会对你的身体有害的。 Her mother kept telling her not to go out at night, but it didnt help.她母亲老叫她晚上不要出去，但是没用。 用于指人i有时可用于指人，但通常只限于对方身份不明确的情况下才用，即此用于指人主要用于引出或确定一个的身份。 比较:Mr Smith is at the door. He wants to see you.史密斯先生在门口，他想见你。(中用代词he是因为上句已明确指明是Mr Smith) Someone is at the door.t must be Mr Smith.有人在门口，一定是史密斯先生。(向中用代词是因为上句并未明确指明是谁，it在此是为7号 Mr Smith) 下面一句用it也属同样的道理: I knew it was you,I could recognize your voice a mile off! 我知道是你，好远就能听出你的声音 另外，it 还可指用于指动物或性别不详的婴儿。如: Where is the cat?”“Its under the bed.”“猫在哪?”“在床下。They got a baby and it was very lovely. 他们生了孩子，很可爱 4.用于指时间、距离、自然现象等 Its already 12 o clock.已是12点 After breakfast it began to snow.早饭后开始下起雪来。 It was very quiet in the garden.花园里很安静。 二、it 用作形式宾语可以代替哪些成分 当不定式、动名词、从句等用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，就应在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。如: 1.代替不定式 He found it easy to earn extra money.他发现赚点外快很容易 Foreigners find it difficult to learn Chinese.外国人觉得中文很难学。 She found it difficult to answer the question.她发现回答这个问题很困难。 Some teachers find it difficult to keep their classes in order.有的教师发现课堂秩序很难维持 Do you think it convenient to bring your lunch to school? 你觉得把饭带到学校去方便吗? The coughs of the people made it impossible to hear the speaker.人们的咳嗽声使演讲人的话不能听到。 Having been his own boss for such a long time, he found it hard to accept orders from another 自己当老板已经这么久7 ,他微得难以听从别人的差遣。 2.代动名 I found it interesting being back at school again.我发现再次回到学校很有意思 I find it interesting talking go you.我觉得同你谈话很有意思 I found it interesting being back at school again.我发现再次回到学校很有意思 You must find it exciting working h