运动系统检查MusculoskeletalExamination.pptxVIP

会计学;REVIEW;运动系统;muscle force 0-V ;REVIEW;Principles of Examination;Principles of Examination;sequence of Examination（检查顺序）;whole;whole;spine望;第11页/共110页;B. Kyphosis（后突）;C. Lordosis（前突）;spine触-体表定位;spine触;Spine动;Spine量;Examination of the Neck ;Examination of the Neck ;Examination of the Neck ;Examination of the Neck ;Examination of the Neck ;8. Shoulder adduction.（外展）腋神经;10. Elbow flexion（屈）肌皮神经;Examination of the Neck ;14. Thumb （拇指）abduction.（外展） ;16. Elicit（引出） the reflexes of the upper limb beginning with the biceps（二头肌）jerk. ;19. Hoffmann征和Babinski征 20 . Test sensation of the upper limb and determine the distribution（分布） of any loss;第29页/共110页;Examination of the Back ;Examination of the Back ;Examination of the Back ;瑞-舒（Wright-Schober）测试法;;Examination of the Back ;FABER test.(4字试验),;髋外展外旋试验或“4 ”字试验 FABER test;为神经根受刺激的表现。检查时嘱病人仰卧，两下肢伸直，医师一手置于膝关节上，使下肢保持伸直，另一手将下肢抬起。正常人可抬高70°以上，如抬高不到30 °，即出现由上而下的放射性疼痛。见于坐骨神经痛,腰椎间盘突出或骶神经根炎等。为增加坐骨神经牵拉强度可被动使踝关节背屈，如有椎间盘突出症时，坐骨神经的疼痛将明显加剧，此方法又称为直腿抬高加强试验;检查患者的脊柱活动，可使其拾取一件放在地上的物品，观察脊柱的活动是否正常。腰椎有病变拾物要屈曲两侧膝、髋关节而腰挺直;;跟臀试验（ely test）;跟臀试验（ely test）;腰骶关节试验;Examination of the Back ;第45页/共110页;Examination of the Back ;Examination of the Back ;四肢关节;四肢的一般检查;四肢的一般检查;Examination of the Shoulder ;第52页/共110页;Examination of the Shoulder ;5. Observe shoulder abduction from in front and behind, through the entire range of movement. Note the presence of difficulty in initiation or a painful arc. (3 photos);Examination of the Shoulder ;第56页/共110页;Examination of the Shoulder ;Examination of the Shoulder ;Examination of the Shoulder ;Examination of the Elbow ;2. Feel for tenderness（痛点）;Examination of the Elbow ;Examination of the Elbow ;7. Examine extension.(伸）8. Examine flexion（屈）;9. Examine supination.(旋前）10. Examine pronation（旋后）;11. Provocative（刺激） test for Cubital Tunnel（尺神经根管） Syndrome (puts tension on ulnar nerve at elbow).;12. Palpate the ulnar nerve.;Examination of the Wrist and Hand ;Examination of the Wrist and