2023届中职高考英语一轮复习：被动语态课件.pptxVIP

教师：学校：被动语态 被动语态被动语态的定义：语态是动词的一种形式，表明主语和谓语之间的具体关系，分为主动语态和被动语态两种。- 主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者；- 被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。 被动语态的构成主语 + be + 及物动词的过去分词 (done)其中，be动词无实义，但有人称、数和时态的变化。常用时态的被动语态 现在过去将来一般时am/ is/ are donewas/ were doneshall/ will be done进行时am/ is/ are being donewas/ were being done/完成时have/ has been donehad been doneshall/ shall have been done 含有情态动词的被动语态的构成主语 + be + 及物动词的过去分词 (done)一般时为：情态动词 + be done完成时为：情态动词 + have been done常用的情态动词：can, could, may, might, must, have to, should, shall, would, will, need, dare e.g. This new book musn’t be lent to others. 这本新书不允许被借给任何人。 被动语态的构成主语 + be + 及物动词的过去分词 (done)主动语态：All his students love him. 他所有的学生都爱戴他。被动语态：He is loved by all his students. 他受所有学生的爱戴。主动语态：I clean my bedroom everyday. 我每天都会打扫我的卧室。被动语态：My bedroom is cleaned by me everyday. 我的卧室每天都会被我打扫。 被动语态小试牛刀 1：主动语态：They respect him.被动语态： 主动语态：I eat an apple everyday.被动语态： 主动语态：She is repairing the machine.被动语态： He is respected by him.An apple is eaten by me everyday. The machine is being repaired by she.【注意】by不能作为被动语态的标志。 被动语态的用法1. 当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，这时往往不用by短语My bike was stolen last week.我的自行车上周被偷了。 被动语态的用法2. 突出强调动作的承受者The cup was broken by Tom.这个杯子被汤姆打碎了。 被动语态的用法3. 作客观说明时，常用“It’s said/ reported/ considered/ well-known/ hoped that……”结构It’s reported that three people died in the accident.据报道，有三人在这场事故中死亡。 被动语态用法补充—主动语态表示被动语态的情况1. 谓语动词是表示事物特征的连系动词：look, smell, taste, sound, feel, appear等The cloth feels soft. 这块儿料子摸起来很软。The fish tastes good. 鱼尝起来很好吃。 被动语态用法补充—主动语态表示被动语态的情况2. 用来说明主语性质特征的不及物动词：sell, carry out, read, teach, wash, write 等：The magazine sells well. 这本杂志很畅销。The plan carries out as usual. 这个计划像往常一样进行。 被动语态用法补充—主动语态表示被动语态的情况3. 某些动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，如：need, require等e.g. The flowers require watering. 这些花需要浇水。The machine needs repairing. 这台机器需要修理。 被动语态用法补充—主动语态表示被动语态的情况4. 某些表示“发生，爆发”的动词或短语，如：happen, take place, break out 等Great changes have taken place in this city in recent years.最近几年这个城市发生了巨大