中考英语复习-主谓一致课件.pptxVIP

英语主谓一致 ——初中英语复习 概念：一致”(Concord 或Agreement)指句子成分之间或词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。主谓一至指主语和谓语动词之间在“人称”和“数”的方面的一致关系，这又叫做“主一动一致”指导原则： -主语和随后的动词词组(即谓语动词)之间的一致关系对中国学生来说，掌握上往往有一定的困难，因为这种一致关系常为不同的原则所支配，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。语法一致主语和谓语动词之间的一致关系主要表现在“数”的形式上，即用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动司在单、复数形式上的一致。如果名词中心词是复数，动词就该用复数形式;如果名词中心词不是复数， 以而是单数名词或不可数名词，动词便用单数形式。这种一致关系叫做“语法一致”。eg: Both boys have their own merits. Few students are really lazy. Every girl comes on time. Two girls were standing on the corner. Each boy has his own book.Either answer is correct.意义一致和就近原则有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单、复数形式，而是取决于主语的单、复数。比如有时主语在语法形式上并非复数，但有复数意义，随后的动词便用复数;反之，主语形式上是复数，而在意义上可视为单数，随后的动词也用单数。这种一致关系叫做意义一致。eg: The government have asked the country to decide by a vote.Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me.Fifty dollars was stolen from the cash register.有时，谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠靠近它的词语(主要指名词)的单、复数形式，这种一致关系所依据的原则叫做“就近原则”。Either my brothers or my father is coming.Only one out of five were present.No one except his own supporters agree with him.Neither she nor I am going.以并列结构做主语的主谓一致问题1.由 and 或 both … and 连接的并列结构作主语，如果意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。The fishing and the hunting in Arizona were good that year. Both Anna and her son Bob have gone fishing on the lake.如果作主语的并列结构不是指两个或两个以上的人或物，而是表示单数意义，则动词用单数。Ham and eggs is a good breakfast.Brown bread and butter is usually eaten with smoked salmon.2.由or， nor, either.or, neither .. nor, not only …. but also 连接的并列结构作主语，随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理。例如: My sisters or my brother is likely to be at home.Either her father or her mother calls for her every afternoon. Neither the Kansas players nor the coach was overconfident.Not only books but also company is important to a child. 3.当主语后面跟有由 as much as, rather than, more than, no less than 等引导的从属结构时，随后的动词形式依主语本身的单复数而定。例如:Some ofthe workers as much as the manager were responsible for the loss. His brother rather than his parents is to blame.My wife, more than anyone else in the family, is anxious to go there again.当主语后面跟有由 as well as，in addition to, with, along with, togethe