营养学课件-特殊人群营养.pptVIP

一、 Nutrition and diet of infants （一） physiological characteristics 1．Growth and development 2．Digestion and absorption 3. Renal system 4．Brain and nervous system Renal system: PRSL(mOsm/l)=Na+K+P+Cl+ (protein(mg)/175 the potential renal solute load: PRSL 肾溶质负荷 1. 唾液分泌量少，唾液中淀粉酶的含量低 2. 婴幼儿咀嚼食物的能力较差 3. 贲门括约肌发育不良 4. 婴幼儿肠壁透过性强 胃肠蠕动不协调 5. 胆汁分泌较少 6. 能产生肠激酶和肽酶 7. 胰淀粉酶分泌少量,胰脂酶含量较少, 胰蛋白酶和胰凝乳酶充足，丰富的乳糖酶和蔗糖酶 （二）Nutritional requirments in infants 1．Energy: （4）energy consumption for growth and development 2．Protein （1） basal metabolism （2）specific dynamic action （3）ac