中国农业大学大学物理课件 第十一章 电磁感应.pptVIP

10.6.3 Torque on a current loop Magnetic Dipole Moment ;;; 例1 边长为0.2m的正方形线圈，共有50 匝 ，通以电流2A ，把线圈放在磁感应强度为 0.05T的均匀磁场中. 问在什么方位时，线圈所受的磁力矩最大？磁力矩等于多少？; 结论: 均匀磁场中，任意形状刚性闭合平面通电线圈所受的力和力矩为(In a uniform magnetic field the force and torque on any rigid closed loop carrying current I are):;;6.磁场对载流导线 载流线圈的作用 Force or Torque on current carrying wire or loop;第11章 电磁感应 电磁波 electromagnetic induction;Michael Faraday British Physicist and Chemist (1791–1867) Faraday is often regarded as the greatest experimental scientist of the 1800s. His many contributions to the study of electricity include the invention of the electric motor, electric generator, and transformer as well as the discovery of electromagnetic induction and the laws of electrolysis. ;§11.1法拉第电磁感应定律 Faraday’s Law of induction;;As a result of these observations, Faraday concluded that an electric current can be induced in a loop by a changing magnetic field. The induced current exists only while the magnetic field through the loop is changing. Once the magnetic field reaches a steady value, the current in the loop disappears.当磁场达到稳定值，线圈中的感应电流消失。;;判断感应电流的方向：;11.1.2 法拉第电磁感应定律Faraday’ Law of induction;The experiments show that in each case, an emf is induced in a loop when the magnetic flux through the loop changes with time. In general, this emf is directly proportional to the time rate of change of the magnetic flux through the loop. This statement can be written mathematically as Faraday’s law of induction:;对;如;;;线圈内磁场变化;引起磁通量变化的原因 1）稳恒磁场中的导体运动 , 或者回路面积 变化、取向变化等 动生电动势 ;§ 11.2 动生电动势motional emf;;;由电动势定义:; 导线是曲线 , 磁场为非均匀场。;均匀磁场;例1 已知:;;闭合线圈平动;均匀磁场 转动;;11.3.1．Induced emf by changing Magnetic Field; 关于电荷所受的力review forces on charges;麦克斯韦假设 变化的磁场在其周围空间激发一种具有 闭合电场线的电场non-conservative,这个电场叫感生电场 或有旋电场 ( induced electric field). 感生电场??电荷的作用力充当感生电动势的非静电力。;如图的线圈，如果磁场随时间变化，线圈中就会产生感应电动势， 表明， 线圈中存在一个感生电场，其方向沿线圈的切向。 ;;1. 此式反映变化磁场和感生电场的相互关系，即感生电场是由变化的磁场产生的非保守场。 ;动生电动势;1