2021医学考研复试：内分泌系统[SC长难句翻.docxVIP

2021医学考研复试：内分泌系统[SC长难句翻译文] SCI长难句 内分泌第一章—甲亢的病因 Hyperthyroidism is characterised by increased thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion from the thyroid gland,whereas thyrotoxicosis refers to the clinical syndrome of excess circulating thyroid hormones, irrespective of the source.The most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Gravesdisease,followed by toxic nodular goitre.Other important causes of thyrotoxicosis include thyroiditis,iodine-induced and drug-induced thyroid dysfunction,and factitious ingestion of excess thyroid hormones. 甲状腺机能亢进症的特征是甲状腺激素合成和分泌的增加，而甲状腺毒症则指甲状腺激素在循环内过多（引起的）临床症状，与来源无关。甲状腺机能亢进症最常见的病因是Graves病，其次是毒性结节性甲状腺肿。其他引起甲状腺毒症的重要原因包括甲状腺炎，碘和药物引起的甲状腺功能障碍，以及人为摄入过量的甲状腺激素。 知识点总结： ①hyper-前缀，高... ②thyroid n.甲状腺 ③-ism后缀，...症 ④gland n.腺体 ⑤toxicosis n.中毒 ⑥irrespective adj.不管的，不顾的 ⑦nodular adj.结节的 ⑧goitre n.甲状腺肿 ⑨-itis后缀，...炎 SCI长难句 内分泌第二章—甲减 The definition of hypothyroidism is based on statistical reference ranges of the relevant biochemical parameters and is increasingly a matter of debate.Clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism range from life threatening to no signs or symptoms.The most common symptoms in adults are fatigue,lethargy,cold intolerance,weight gain,constipation, change in voice,and dry skin,but clinical presentation can differ with age and sex,among other factors. 甲状腺功能减退症的定义是基于相关生化参数的统计参考范围（制定的），但是引起了越来越多的争论。甲状腺功能减退症的临床表现从危及生命到没有任何体征或症状。成人最常见的症状是疲劳、嗜睡、怕冷、体重增加、便秘、声音变化和皮肤干燥，但临床表现可能因年龄和性别等因素（的不同）而不同。 知识点总结： ①hypo-前缀，低... ②statistical adj.统计的 ③parameter n.参数 ④clinical manifestation n.临床表现 ⑤fatigue n.疲劳 ⑥lethargy n.倦怠 ⑦constipation n.便秘 ⑧goitre n.甲状腺肿 ⑨-itis后缀，...炎 SCI长难句 内分泌第三章—糖尿病 Diabetes mellitus comprises of a group of heterogeneous disorders,which have an increase in blood glucose concentrations in common.The current classifications for diabetes mellitus type1-4are described and the main features of type1and type2diabetes are compared to allow for better discrimination between these diabetes types.Furthermore,the criteria for the correct biochemical