全身反应法的学习资料.pptxVIP

全身反应法的学习资料第1页/共30页第2页/共30页Content Background ApproachDesignProcedureModel Teaching第3页/共30页5 Total Physical ResponseWhat is Total Physical Response?Total Physical Response(TPR) is a language teaching method built around the coordination of speech and action; it attempts to teach language through physical(motor) activity.第4页/共30页 James Asher 美国圣加州约瑟大学心理学教授20世纪60年代第5页/共30页Approach: Theory of language and learningAsher states that “most of the grammatical structure of the target languge and hundreds of vocabulary items can be learned from the skillful use of the imperative by the instructor”. Asher sees a stimulus-response view as providing the learning theory underlying language teaching pedagory.第6页/共30页In addition, Asher has elaborated an account of what he feels facilitates or inhibits foreign language learing.He draws on 3 rather influential learning hypothesesThe bio-programBrain lateralizationReduction of stress第7页/共30页The bio-programThere exists a specific innate bio-program for language learning which defines an optimal path for first and second language development.第8页/共30页The bio-programChildren develop listening competence before they develop the ability to speak.Childrens ability in listening comprehension is acquired bcause chilren are required to respond physically to spoken languge in the form of parental commandsOnce a foundation in listening comprehension has been estabilished, speech evolves naturally and effortlessly out of it.第9页/共30页Parellel to the process of the first language learning, the foreign language learner should first internalize a “cognitive map” of the target languge through listening exercises. Listening should be accomplished by physical movement.第10页/共30页Brain lateralization Brain lateralization defines different learning functions in the left and right-brain hemispheres.第11页/共30页Brain lateralizationAsher sees Total Physical Response as directed to right-brain learning, whereas most second language teaching methods are directed to