奶牛疾病词汇.docxVIP

奶牛繁殖障碍 Reproductive Failure in the Dairy Cow Prepared by: Dr. Terry Hunt 引起奶牛繁殖障碍的几个因素 Contributing Factors to Reproductive Failure 奶牛营养 Nutrition 产后感染 Post-partum infections 传染性疾病 Contagious Disease 乏 情 Anestrus/Cyclic Irregularities 久配不孕 Repeat Breeders 冻精质量低下 Poor Semen Quality or Storage 营养 Nutrition 干奶期营养好坏影响下一个泌乳期的产量高低 What happens now affects how the cow performs during the next lactation 体膘膘度评分(BCS)应达到 3.75 BCS should increase to 3.75 泌乳期 Lactation 能量(1 kg 精料/3 kg 牛奶) Energy (1 kg of concentrate/3 kg milk) 磷—P Phosphorus 微量元素 Trace minerals 营养性疾病 Nutritional Disease 产后瘫痪 Milk Fever 临床性 Clinical 隐性 Sub-clinical 真胃移位 Left Displaced Abomasum 消化不良 Digestive upsets 酸中毒 Acidosis 酮病 Ketosis 原发性 Primary 继发性 Secondary 产后感染 Post-Partum Infections 难产 Dystocia 胎衣不下 Retained Placenta 子宫炎 Metritis 子宫脓 Pyometra 难产 Dystocia 难产——第一或第二阶段延长或缺少 Dystocia –1st or 2nd stages of parturition are prolonged or absent 第一阶段 –正常情况下 6 小时 Stage1 – normal under 6 hrs 奶牛烦燥不安 Cow is restless 子宫开始开张 Cervix beginning to dilate 第二阶段 –正常情况下 2 小时 Stage 2 – normal under 2 hours 产犊 Delivery of calf 第三阶段 –正常情况下 8 小时 Stage 3 – normal under 8 hrs 排出胎衣 Expulsion of fetal membranes 如果第一或第二阶段延长则需要进行检查Indication to examine is if Stage 1 or 2 is prolonged 阴户清洗消毒 Clean and disinfect perineum 带上手套 Wear plastic sleeves 使用润滑剂 Use lots of lubrication 确定姿势及是否还活着 Determine presentation, position and viability of fetus 采取措施进行校正 Take steps to correct situation 胎衣不下/子宫炎 Retained Placenta/Metritis 产后 18 小时胎衣仍然不下 Placenta remained for at least 18 hours post calving 胎衣不下但不发生子宫炎 RP with no Metritis 稍微处理一下 Minimal treatment 胎衣不下并发生子宫炎 RP with Metritis 冲洗并注射抗生素 Infuse and systemic antibiotics 胎衣不下但并发生脓毒性子宫炎 RP with Metritis and Septicemia Lavage uterus, systemic antibiotics, fluids and anti inflammatory drugs 子宫脓 Pyometra 没有怀孕征状 No positive signs of pregnancy 子宫脓液积累 Accumulation of pus in the uterus 奶牛没有其它疾病 Cow is not sick 持久黄体 Persistent corpus luteum 注射 PG Treat with prostaglandin injection 30 天以后再配种 Wait 30 days for br