考研国际贸易第2章模型.pdf

Assignment for chapter 1  The following table shows the numbers of days of labor required to produce 1 unit of output of computers and wheat in France and Germany: computers wheat France 100days 4days Germany 60days 3days  Calculate the pretrade price ratios.  Which country has a comparative advantage in computers? Why? Which has a comparative advantage in wheat? Why?  If the terms of trade are 1 computer: 22 wheat, how many days of labor does France save per unit of its import good by engaging in trade? How many days does Germany save per unit of its import good?  What can be said about the comparative distribution of the gains from trade between France and Germany? Why? Chapter 2 The standard theory of international trade 新古典国际贸易理论：标准贸易 模型 Main contents of neoclassical trade theory The standard theory of international trade  Offer curves and the terms of trade  Factor endowments theory The Empirical tests of the Heckscher-Ohlin model 1 The standard theory of international trade （标准贸易模型） 1) Basic concepts A The production possibilities frontier with increasing costs.  机会成本递增Increasing opportunity costs : the nation must give up more and more of one community to release just enough resources to produce each additional unit of another commodity.  Figure； MRT （the marginal rate of transformation ） B Community indifference curves  Shows the various combinations of two commodities that yield equal satisfaction to the community or nation.  Figure.  （MRS）The Marginal rate of substitution 2 ）封闭和开放经济下的一般均衡 A. Equilibrium in Isolation  Figure. The equilibrium relative commodity price in isolation is given by the slope of the common tangent