交通工程概论教学课件电子教案全套课件.pptx

Introduction to Traffic Engineering;Chapter 1. Introduction;;Scope of Traffic Engineering --- surface (land) transportation; relationships and connection with other modes of transportation Share percentage among all modes with regard to people and goods Terminals, hubs and transfer center, port, storage ---- logistics ;Goal of Traffic Engineering --- explore how to provide for the safe, rapid, comfortable, convenient, economical, and environmentally compatible movement of people and goods. Safe --- public safety Rapid --- time value and customer service Comfortable/convenient --- level of service Economical --- social cost Environmental --- clean air and sustainability Movement = mobility ;Mobility versus Access --- with an increase of mobility the ability to access development decreases, and vise versa. ;Urban and suburban (rural) Criterion for roadway design Each country has different way in determining hierarchy of highways;Roadways Vehicles Drivers Biker Pedestrians Environment ;Main Elements in Traffic Engineering;Traffic operations --- traffic organization, transit operation, TSM --- Transportation Systems Management ITS --- Intelligent Transportation Systems ;ISTEA TEA-21 --- Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency and Transportation Equity Act for 21st Century. (1991 to 1997 and 1998 to 2004) The focus is to encourage use of high occupancy vehicles and transit. Apart from that, it allows the flexibility for states and localities to use funds. ;Automobile industry Urbanization Computer and ITS (Intelligent Transportation System) Environmentalism (green transportation system and sustainable development concept) ;Development of traffic engineering in China:;Responsibility and liability (责任和义务）as traffic engineers;Technical terms;5E-featured discipline ;Chapter 2. Basic components in traffic engineering;Road User Characteristics;Fatigue --- potential for high crash rate Drunk-drive --- increase of PRT time and high likelihood to make a wr