高中定语从句解析.docxVIP

定语从句：一个句子起到了形容词的功能，也叫形容词从句。--限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 限制性:修饰和限制作用。 非限制性：补充说明，删除后主句语义完整。 注：先行词（名词、代词等）、关系词（关系代词和关系副词）。 I like that beautiful girl who can speak good English. 关系词：关系代词和关系副词 关系代词：人：who/whom/whose/that;物：which/that/as 关系副词：when/where/why 区别点 限制性 非限制性 1 修饰和限制作用 补充说明，删除后主句语义完整。 2 修饰限制先行词 可修饰整个句子，只能由as和which引导 3 关系词who/whom/whose/that;物：which/that/as when/where/why 关系词不能用that和why,that可用who和which代替，why用for which代替 4 指物时，whose可用of which代替 指物时，关系代词that和which可通用，但是有区别。 只能用that的情况。 = 1 \* GB3 ①先行词为不定代词（all/nothing/the one/much）或被不定代词修饰时。 Tell us all that you know. = 2 \* GB3 ②先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数、形容词最高级修饰时 That is the first composition that I have written in English. This is the tallest building that was built in the 1980s early. = 3 \* GB3 ③先行词被the only/the very修饰时。 This is the very pen that I am looking for . This is the only prize I awarded. = 4 \* GB3 ④先行词是be的表语或关系词在从句中作表语时。 It’s a book that will help you a lot. She gave me a book that my favorite book is. = 5 \* GB3 ⑤先行词是the way/the time等名词时。 I don’t like the way (that) he talks. I don’t forget to the time (that )we spent together . ⑥定语从句中其中一个关系词已经用which时。 He built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. 只能用which的情况 = 1 \* GB3 ①关系词前有介词或介词短语时 Here is the book about which I told you yesterday. ` = 2 \* GB3 ②先行词后面有插入语时。 It is a good grammar book which,as I’ve told you,will help improve your English. ③非限制性定语从句中 I told them a story last night,which was very interesting. I told them a story last night,as made me happy. as和which的用法 ①as既可指人也可指物。主要用于as……;as......as;the same......as;such......as等结构中。 The house is as big as my kindergarten. He is not such a fool as he looks. This is the same bag as I want to buy. ②as指代一整句话，引导非限制性定语从句，位置灵活，可以放在主句之前、之后或中间。As可做主语或宾语。 She has married again,as is expected. He doesn’t pass the exam, as we all know. ③Which引导非限制性定语从句时可以指代全句内容、某个词或短语。它可以做主语、宾语、表语等成分，其位置尽量靠近被说明的先行词（句、短语），绝不能放在主句前。 ④两者都可用于用于肯定句，若是否定句或意思否定的句子多用which。 4.指代人时，只用who不用that的情况 ①先行词是one