定语从句改非谓语.doc

定语从句改非谓语 　　定语从句改成非谓语的方法如下： 　　表示主动，正在进行的动作的时候，可以用现在分词来改写。如： 　　I know the girl who is talking to the teacher. 　　I know the girl talking to the teacher. 　　我认识正在和老师说话的那位女孩。 　　The woman who is waving from the window is my mom. 　　The woman waving from the window is my mom. 　　在窗户那边挥手的人是我妈妈。 　　2. 表示被动，已经完成的动作的时候，用过去分词来改写，如： 　　Shirts which are made of silk are very expensive. 　　Shirts made of silk are very expensive. 　　丝织的衬衫很贵。 　　I like the building which was designed by Mr. Wu. 　　I like the building designed by Mr. Wu. 　　我喜欢这栋被吴先生设计出来的大楼。 　　3. 表示将来的动作，用动词不定式来改写，如： 　　The problem which is going to be discussed tomorrow is our quarterly meeting. 　　The problem to be discussed tomorrow is our quarterly meeting. 　　明天要讨论的问题是我们的季度会议。 　　4. 表示正在被进行的动作，用现在分词的被动式来改写。如： 　　The problem which is being discussed now is our quarterly meeting. 　　The problem being discussed tomorrow is our quarterly meeting. 　　现在正在讨论的问题是我们的季度会议。 　　定语从句转换成非谓语动词以及转换时应注意的事项： 　　1定语从句转换成不定式 　　1.1定语从句转换成不定式“to do”。 　　定语从句的谓语动词是将来时或含有情态动词或含有序数词the next， the last等时，该定语从句转换为不定式“to do”. 　　（1）The plane which will arrive is from Hubei. 　　→The plane to arrive is from Hubei。 　　（2）The students will go to a party that will be held in our class at 7：45. 　　→The students will go to a party to be held in our class at 7：45. 　　（3）He was the first boy who came to school. 　　→He was the first boy to come to school. 　　1.2定语从句可转换成为“介词+关系代词或副词+不定式”。 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句和“介词+关系代词或副词+不定式”充当的定语，可以相互转换。被这种定语修饰的名词往往在逻辑上充当不定式动作的地点、时间或工具。例： 　　（1）She wanted a room in which she could do her homework. 　　→She wanted a room in which to do her homework. 　　（2）She had only a pen with which she can write. 　　→She had only a pen to write with.或She had only a pen with which to write. 　　注：定语从句转换成“介词+ 关系代词+不定式”时，此时的不定式一定是及物动词，如是不及物动词，则需在动词后面加上相应的介词。这个介词可提前到关系代词前面，也可留在句尾。前者是正式说法后者是非正式说法。而且上例中动词不定式与句子主语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，否则就不能简单地把作定语的不定式都变成此结构。 　　“He is looking for a place for his friend to live in”这句话。我们就不能将句中的a place for his friend to live in改为a place to live in或a pl