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Learning Objectives • After reading this chapter, you should be able to: • Define organizational culture and describe its components. • Describe general and specific types of organizational cultures. • Describe a strong culture and what makes a culture strong. Ex in why a strong culture is not necessarily good or bad. • Ex in how organizations maintain their culture. Describe how companies change their culture. • Describe two steps organizations can take to make sure that ers will fit with their culture. • Ex in –organization fit. Describe how fitting with an organization’s culture affects job performance and organizational commitment. 12-2 Organizational Culture • Organizational culture is the shared social knowledge within an organization regarding the rules, norms, and values that shape the attitudes and behaviors of its employees. » Culture is social knowledge among members of the organization. » Culture ls employees what the rules, norms, and values are within the organization. » Organizational culture shapes and rein s certain employee attitudes and behaviors by creating a system of control over employees. 12-3 The Three Components of Organizational Culture Figure 12-1 12-4 Culture Components • Observable artifacts are the manifestations of an organization’s culture that employees can easily see or talk about. » Symbols can be found throughout an organization, from its corpora ogo to the images it ces on its Web site to the uniforms its employees wear. » Physical str