2023年考研考博-考博英语-北京大学历年高频考题黑钻摘选版附带答案版.docxVIP

长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。 住在富人区的她 2023年考研考博-考博英语-北京大学历年高频考题黑钻摘选版附带答案 第1卷 一.综合题(共12题) 1.单选题 Charles Darwin’s “On the Origin of Species” is credited with sparking evolution’s revolution in scientific thought, but many observers had pondered evolution before him. It was understanding the idea’s significance and selling it to the public that made Darwin great, according to the Arnold arboretum’s new director. William Friedman, the Arnold Professor of Organism and Evolutionary Biology who took over as arboretum director Jan.1 has studied Darwin’s writings as well as those of his predecessors and contemporaries. While Darwin is widely credited as the father of evolution, Friedman said the “historical sketch” that Darwin attached to later printings of his masterpiece was intended to mollify those who demanded credit for their own earlier ideas. The historical sketch grew with each subsequent printing, Friedman told an audience Monday (Jan. 10)，until, by the 6th edition, 34 authors were mentioned in it.? Scholars now believe that somewhere between 50 and 60 authors had beaten Darwin in their writings about evolution. Included was Darwin’s grandfather, Erasmus Darwin, a physician who irritated clergymen with his insistence that life arose from lower forms, specifically mollusks. Friedman’s talk, “A Darwinian Look at Darwin’s Evolutionist Ancestors，” took place at the arboretum’s Hunnewell Building and was the first in a new Director’s Lecture Series. Though others had clearly pondered evolution before Darwin, he wasn’t without originality. Friedman said that Darwin’s thinking on natural selection as the mechanism of evolution was shared by few, most prominently Alfred Wallace, whose writing on the subject after years in the field spurred Darwin’s writing of “On the Origin of Species”. Although the book runs more than 400 pages,