王守仁《英国文学选读》（第3、4版）笔记和课后习题（含考研真题）详解.pdf

第1单元　杰弗里·乔叟1.1　复习笔记 Geoffrey Chaucer (杰弗里·乔叟)(1343-1400) 1 Life (生平) Geoffrey Chaucer, born in 1343 in London, is the founder of English poetry. He was the son of a wine merchant who had connectio
with the Court. He later became a courtier and comptroller. Chaucer’s learning was wide in scope. He obtained a good knowledge of Latin, French and Italian. He had broad and intimate acquaintance with pe
o
high and low in all walks of life, and knew well the whole life of his time, which left great impressio
upon his works and particularly upon his variegated depiction of the English society of his time. He died in 1400 and was buried in Westmi
ter Abbey, thus founding the Poets’ Corner. 杰弗里·乔叟于1343年出生于伦敦，他是英语诗歌之父。他是一个与宫廷有联系的酒商的儿子。他后来担任过侍臣和审计官。 乔叟知识渊博。他精通拉丁语、法语和意大利语。他结交广泛且易与人深交，无论是贵族还是贫民，因此他深谙所处世事。这尤其有益于他在作品中对英国社会的刻画。 他逝于1400年，被葬在威斯敏斯特教堂，由此“诗人角”开始出现。 2 Major Works (主要作品) The Book of the Duchess (1368) 《公爵夫人之书》 The Parliament of Fowls (1380) 《百鸟议会》 The House of Fame (1374-1384) 《声誉之堂》 Troilus and Criseyde (1380-1385) 《特罗勒斯与克丽西德》 The Canterbury Tales (1386-1400) 《坎特伯雷故事集》 3 Chaucer’s Literary Career (文学生平) Chaucer’s literary career can be divided into three periods, which is closely related to his life experiences. The fi
t period co
ists of works tra
lated from French literature; the second co
ists of works adapted from Italian literature, especially influenced by Dante, Petrarch and Boccaccio, such as Troilus and Criseyde. The third period includes The Canterbury Tales, which is purely English. 乔叟的文学生平可划分为三个阶段，均与其个人生活经历有关。第一阶段乔叟的作品主要是翻译法国文学，第二阶段则改编于意大利文学，深受但丁、彼特拉克和薄伽丘的影响，如《特罗勒斯与克丽西德》。第三阶段包括《坎特伯雷故事集》，这是纯英语创作阶段。 4 Selected Work (作品选读) The Canterbury Tales 《坎特伯雷故事集》 (1) Plot (情节) The Canterbury Tales is a collection of stories written in Middle English. The tales (mostly in ve
e) are told as part of a story-telling contest by twenty-nine pilgrims, together with the narrator, who travel together on a journey from Southwark to the shrine of Saint Thomas Becket at Canterbury