工程材料科学与设计 答案.docxVIP

Problems - Chapter 5 1. FIND: Calculate the stress on a tensioned fiber. GIVEN: The fiber diameter is 25 micrometers. The elongational load is 25 g. ASSUMPTIONS: The engineering stress is requested. DATA: Acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s2e.c A Newton is a kg-m/se . A Pascal is a N/m2. A MPa is 106 Pa. SOLUTION:Stress is force per unit area. The cross-sectional area sR2 = 1963.5 square micrometers. The force is 25 g (kg/1000g)(9.8 m音/s2e)c= 0.245 N. Thus, the stress is = F/A = 0 . 245 N dP10 6 um = 0 . 125 MPa 1960 um 2 m COMMENTS: You must learn to do these sorts of problems, including the conversions. 2. GIVEN: FCC Cu with ao = 0.362nm REQUIRED: A) Lowest energy Burgers vector, B) Length in terms of radius of Cu atom, C) Family of planes SOLUTION: We note that the Burgers vector is the shortest vector that connects crystallographically equivalent positions. A diagram of the structure is shown below: FCC structure with (111) shown We note that atoms lying along face diagonals touch and are crystallographically equivalent. Therefore, the shortest vector connecting equivalent positions is ? face diagonal. For example, one such vector isao2 [ 110] as shown in (111). A. The length of this vector is a + a = a o = 0.362 = 0.256nm 4 4 2 2 B. By inspection, the size of the vector is 2 Cu atom radii. C. Slip occurs in the most densely packed plane which is of the type {111}. These are the smoothest planes and contain the smallest Burgers vector. This means that the dislocations move easily and the energy is low. 3. GIVEN: |b| = 0.288nm in Ag REQUIRED: Find lattice parameter SOLUTION: Recall the Ag is FCC. For FCC structures the Burgers vector is ? a face 2 a ab = o 2 a a 2 2 a = 2 b o = 2 x 0.288 a = 0.407nm o diagonal as shown. We see that 4. A. FCC structure The (111) plane is shown in a unit cell with all atoms shown. Atoms