初中英语语法之情态动词shallshouldwillwouldused to等用法.docx

初中英语语法之情态动词 shall,should,will,would,used to 等用法 （8）shall 的用法主要用于第一人称的疑问句中，表示征求对方意见。如：What shall I do now?我现在该干点什么Shall we go together?咱们一起走好吗(9) should 的用法①表示“劝告、建议”，译作“应当”You should study hard.你应当努力学习 You should listen to the doctor’s advice.你应当听大夫的话 We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助②表示“推测、可能”They should get home by now.他们现在该到家了 The book should be available in the bookstore.这本书在书店里可能有卖的③后接动词不定式的完成式时，表示过去的事 情，肯定结构表示该做没做；否定结构表示不该做，但发生 了。I should have written you earlier.我应当早引起给你写回信 （但没写）You shouldn’t have told him this.你不应当把这告诉他。（但告诉了）(10) will, would 的用法主要用于第二人称的疑问句中，表示说话人向对方提出请求，would 较 will 更客气些 Will you help me? 你能帮帮我吗？Would you like some tea? 你想喝点茶吗？Will you please tell me the way to the station? 请问到车站怎么走？(11) used to 的用法后接动词原形，表示以前经常发生的动作，但现在不是这样了（通常 用于肯定句中）。I used to get up early，我以前经常早起（现 在不是这样了）He used to read aloud everyday. 他以前天天朗读（但现在不是了）注意：句型“be + used to”后接动名词或名词，表示“习惯……“：I am not quite used to the weather, here. 我不大习惯这里的天气 Are you used to the food in Beijing?你现在习惯吃北京的饭了吗？I’m used to getting up early.我习惯早起。II. 情态动词 must, may, might, could, can 表示推测：以 must 为例。must + do(be)是推测现在存在的一般状态进行；must + be doing 推测可能正在进行的事情；must +have done 是推测可能已经发生过的事情。1. must“肯定， 一定”语气强，只用于肯定句中。He must be a man from America. / He must be talking with his friend. / He must have already arrived there.2. may 和 might“也许”，后者语气弱，更没有把握。可用于肯定句和否定句。He may not be at home. / They might have finished their task.3. can 和 could“可能”， could 表示可疑的可能性，不及 can’t 语气强，用于肯定、否定、疑问句中。The weather in that city could be cold now.We could have walked there; it was so near.（推测某事本来可能发生，但实际上没有发生）Can he be in the office now? No, he can’t be there, for I saw him in the library just now.(语气很强， 常用于疑问句和否定句中)【注意】：1.对现在的事实进行推测：主要结构：…must / may / might +动词原形 be+名词/形容词/介词短语 be + doing 例句：1. You must be Jeanne. I’m Mathilde Loisel. We used to know each other very well.2. They must be in bed already at this time of the night.3. The teacher must be joking.4. Freda isn’t in class. She must be sick.5. There must be somethi