第五讲　精析写作手法　实现语言协同.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 1 第五讲　精析写作手法　实现语言协同 为了使所写的内容和语言和原文保持连贯性和一致性，读后续写需要通过在理解原文的基础上，巧妙利用 “拉平效应”，创造性地模仿和使用语言，即继承原文语言表达方面的显著特征，包括写作手法及语言表达技巧，从而一方面保证写作的效度和流畅度，另一方面保证写作在各个语言层次和表达风格上和原文保持一致。 通过分析语篇，可以从五个方面理解原文的语言应用技巧： 场景描写(Surroundings) 场景描写指的是描写人、物、事发生的时间、地点、自然环境及社会场景等。场景描写可以充当背景信息，提供人、物、事发生的具体设定。其次，场景描写可以表达角色的感情、情绪，可以随着情节的发展有所变化，甚至可以提示、推动情节的发展，增强语篇的代入感。 动作描写(Actions) 动作描写指的是描写人物在具体情况下的行为举止，是情节发展的具体体现。恰到好处的动作描写不仅可以塑造生动形象的人物，还可以反映人物的情感态度及心理变化，并最终反映人物的性格特点及思想品质。 心理描写(Feelings) 心理描写指的是描写人物在具体情况下的看法、感受、情感及心理活动，并由此反映人物的性格特点及思想品质。心理描写除了对心理的直接描写，还可以结合动作描写及场景描写，共同构成有意义、紧凑的语篇。 续　表 有效对话(Effective Dialogues) 有效对话是记叙语篇中塑造人物的一个重要手段。对话的有效性首先体现在符合人物设定，这样不仅能够有效地推动情节的发展，更能够增加记叙的生动性。此外，对话语言也要符合记叙语篇的语言特点，即生活化、简化及去书面化。 修辞(Figure of speech) 修辞是增加语言生动性的最佳手段。它可以引起共鸣，使抽象的情境具体化。常见的可以应用的修辞有比喻、拟人、夸张和排比。 eq \a\vs4\al([典题示例]) 阅读下面的材料，完成以下任务。 When there was news that a storm was coming，Sarah didnt think much about it. She simply shrugged it off like any other normal day.When she went to the grocery store and saw that it was full, she still wasnt worried. People inside ran like mad between aisles(过道), grabbing what they could. More people were crowding in, pushing each other. Even more were waiting outside, trying to make their way into the store. Bare shelves and long lines made Sarah chuckle.They must be overreacting, she thought. On her way home, she looked overhead.Dark clouds were indeed forming.And they seemed to be running quickly across the sky.Still, Sarah was not bothered.The rain would be nice since it had been warm lately. When she got home, Sarah made popcorn and sat on the sofa with her dog, Cooper, and got ready to watch a movie. Just as she hit play on the remote，she heard the thunder, as loud as a bomb.Rain started to come down hard，making it almost impossible to see the trees in her front yard through the window.Cooper immediately jumped from the sofa, barking in fear in the corner. “Its OK.”Sarah said.She moved to one side and saw Cooper looked a bit nervous.Sarah turned off the movie a