初中英语问与答的各种方式及其意义.docVIP

PAGE / NUMPAGES 问与答的各种方式及其意义 学习问与答，要掌握问的形式、词序和用词及其实际意图；答的方式和用词，要根据客观事实、英语的思维方式和词的意义做答。 第一种：简单问及其词序 简单问句必含助动、系动或情助：有情助时，情助为先；没情助而有助动have三形时，have三形为先；没情助也没助动have三形而有be五形时，be五形为先；最后是助动do三形为先. 直接问句：情助或助动或系动（助动或实义系词）+主句？ 例句1～7为情助问句；8～10为have三助问句；11～18为系动be五形问句。 Must I go now? Need he go to a doctor? May I help you? Can/Could you do me a favor? Will/Would you please give me a hand? Will you be a doctor when you grow up? Shall I/he/she join you? Have I/you/we/they been there? Has he/she been there? Had I/he/she/you/we/they been there? Is this a book? Are you/we/they students? Am I hungry? Was he/she ill? Were you/we/they laughing？ Do you have a pen? Does he get up early every day? 18. Did you ever see this film? 二、主句+辅助问句 这种问句一般需含否定，但只能否定一次，因此，前否则后肯，前肯则后否；后否的否定形式为缩写式。 特别注意：情助在不同意义下的此种形式问法以及命令请求句的问法。 例句1～8为情助问句；9、10为have问句；11～18为系动问句；19、20为命令或请求问句 I must go, needn’t/mustn’t I? （must意为“必须、要求”） You mustn’t go, may you?（mustn’t 意为“一定不能”） You must be a teacher, aren’t you? You must have done the work, haven’t you? He mustn’t have a car, may he? 句3～句5，must为表达推测的“一定、想必”之义。 She may have done the work, hasn’t she? （may为推测） You will go, won’t you? You won’t you, will you? You have done the work, haven’t you? You haven’t done the work, have you? You are a teacher, aren’t you? You are not a teacher, are you? I am a teacher, aren’t I?（am not 无缩写式，用aren’t代） I am not a teacher, am I? He is a student, isn’t he? He isn’t a student, is he? He did a good job, didn’t he? He didn’t do a good job, did he? Stand still, will you? Don’t play, will you? 第二种：含7W1H的特殊问句及其词序 what/who/which/whose/when做主体时，必是：主干句词序。 What makes you happy? Who sent you here? Which bus goes first? Whose men do it? 二、what/who/which/whose做动词或介词的受体时，必是： 疑问词+简单问句词序。 What do you do? What is the weather like? Who do you take to school? Who are you with? Which does he select? Which subject are you interested in? Whose book do you borrow? 三、when/where/why/how作为受体或补充，必是： 疑问词+简单问句词序。 When