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Ch9Statespaceandstateequation

1.Statevectorandstatespace

2.Stateequationandoutputequation

3.StateDifferentialequation

4.Signal-flowGraphStateModel

5.RealizationandMinimumRealization

6.Thetransferfunctionofthestate

Equation.

7.TheStateTransitionMatrix

1

9.1Statevectorandstatespace

[x(t),x(t),…,x(t)].

12n

State—theminimumsetofvariables(calledthe

statevariables)whichatsomeinitialtimet0,

togetherwiththeinputssignalu(t)fortimet,

sufficestodeterminethefuturebehaviorofthe

systemfortimet.

2

TheStatevariablesdescribethepresent

configurationofasystemandcanbeusedto

determhefutureresponse,giventhe

excitationinputsandtheequationsdescribing

thedynamics.

3

Example9.1

2k

dydyWallfrictionb

M2+b+kyF(t)

dtdt

M

Defineasetofstatevariables:

x(t)y(t),x(t)dy(t)y(t)F(t)

12

dt

Theequationcanberearrangedas:

dx1

x

dt2



dx−bk1

2x−x+F

dt