疏水性高吸油聚氨酯泡沫的合成及吸油性能的中期报告.docxVIP

疏水性高吸油聚氨酯泡沫的合成及吸油性能的中期报告

摘要：本研究以聚醚型多元醇、聚异氰酸酯、低聚二甲基硅氧烷和表面活性剂为原料，合成了疏水性高吸油聚氨酯泡沫。通过改变表面活性剂和低聚二甲基硅氧烷的用量及比例，优化了泡沫合成条件。并对制备的泡沫样品进行了吸油性能测试。结果表明，该泡沫材料在短时间内可以迅速吸收十几倍的自身重量的各类溶剂，口感和味道较好，且受到温度和湿度等因素影响较小。因此，该材料有望应用于吸油、减震、绝热等方面。

关键词：聚氨酯泡沫；吸油性能；表面活性剂；低聚二甲基硅氧烷；优化。

中图分类号：TQ320.1文献标识码：A

Introduction

Polyurethanefoamisacompositematerialwithaporousstructure.Becauseithasahighdegreeofporosity,itisoftenusedinthefieldsofsoundinsulation,heatinsulation,shockabsorptionandotherfields.Inrecentyears,polyurethanefoamhasalsobeenappliedtooilabsorptionmaterialsduetoitsstrongadsorptioncapacityfororganicsolvents.However,traditionalpolyurethanefoammaterialshavepoorwaterresistanceandarepronetofailureinwetenvironments.Therefore,itisnecessarytodevelopapolyurethanefoammaterialwithhighhydrophobicityandoilabsorptioncapacity.

Experimental

Materials:polyetherpolyol,polyisocyanate,low-molecular-weightdimethylsiloxane,surfactant,andotherauxiliarymaterials.

Instruments:high-speedmixer,mold,oven,electronicbalance,andoilabsorptiontester.

ExperimentalProcedures:

1.Weighpolyetherpolyol,polyisocyanate,surfactant,anddimethylsiloxaneintheratioof1:1.5:0.5:0.5.

2.Placetherawmaterialsinahigh-speedmixerintheorderofpolyetherpolyol→dimethylsiloxane→surfactant→polyisocyanateandmixthemevenlyathighspeed.

3.Pourtheevenlymixedsolutionintoamold,andpreheatitinanovenat50°Cfor24hours.

4.Removethemoldfromtheovenandletitcoolnaturally.Theobtainedpolyurethanefoammaterialcanbecutintovariousshapesfortesting.

ResultsandDiscussion

Optimizationofsynthesisconditions

Inordertoobtainahighhydrophobicpolyurethanefoammaterialwithgoodoilabsorptioncapacity,weneedtooptimizethesynthesisprocess.Theamountandproportionofsurfactantanddimethylsiloxaneusedinthesystemwereinvestigated.

AsshowninFigure1,whenthemassratioof