《新编英语语法教程》主要章节语法术语.docxVIP

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《新编英语语法教程》主要章节语法术语

Freemorpheme自由词素Boundmorpheme

Freemorpheme自由词素Boundmorpheme粘附词素Allomorph 词素变体

Morpheme

词素

SimplewordsDerivativesCompounds

Simplewords

DerivativesCompounds

简单词

派生词

复合词

*(1)Classificationintermsofwordformation

Words

Words

词

Open-classwords

Open-classwords(contentwords)

开放词类（实义词）

Noun

VerbAdjectiveAdverb

Closed-classwords(functionwords)

封闭词类（功能词）

Preposition

PronounDeterminerConjunction

Auxiliary

Intermediateclass

(中间词类)

Numerals

Interjection

*(2)Classificationintermsofgrammaticalfunction

词组

Clause

分句

Sentence

句子

NounphraseVerbphraseAdjectivephraseAdverbphrase

PrepositionphraseConjunction

IndependentclauseSubordinateclause

独立分句和从属分句

SimpleclauseComplexclause(*complexsentence)

简单分句和复杂分句（*复杂句）

MainclauseSubordinateclause

主句和从句

Finiteclause，non-finiteclauseandVerblessclause

限定分句、非限定分句、无动词分句

FullsentenceMinorsentence完全句和不完全句

Simplesentence,Compoundsentence,ComplexsentenceCompoundcomplexsentence简单句、并列句、复杂句、并列复杂句

Declarativesentence,imperativesentence,interrogativesentence,exclamatorysentence

Lecture1 SentenceStructure（L1）

Sentenceelements:

S(subject)

主语

V(predicateverb)

谓语动词

O(object)

宾语

C(complement)

补足语

A(Adverbial)

状语

1.Twowaysofsentenceanalysis

1)SVO

Sentence

Clause

NP

VP

NP

Subject

Predicateverb

Object

Alltheman

havedone

theirbest.

Sentence=Subject+Predicate(PredicateVerb+Object,Complement,Adverbial,etc.)

句子由主语和谓语构成，进一步把谓语剖析为谓语动词、宾语、补语、状语等。

2)Subject+Predicate(=operator+predication)

SentenceClause

Subject Predicate

Operator Predication

Alltheman have donetheirbest.

句子由主语和谓语构成，进一步把谓语剖析为操作词（operator）和述谓成分（predication）。

2.Basicclausetypes

SVC,SV,SVA,SVO,SVOA,SVOC,SVoO

Lecture2 Subject-VerbConcord （L2-3）

Guidingprinciples:

GrammaticalConcord

NotionalConcord

PrincipleofProximity

语法一致原则

意义一致原则

就近原则

Nominalclause Non-finiteclause Relativeclause Cleftsentence

名词性分句 非限定分句 关系分句 分裂句

Existentialcla