基于FPGA的UWB隧道内人员定位系统设计与实现.pdfVIP

基于FPGA的UWB隧道内人员定位系统设计与实现

摘要：针对现阶段国内隧道施工中采用的通信定位手段通信信号不佳，无法提供精准定位信号的现象，基于现场可

编辑门阵列（FPGA）为主控硬件提出一种以超宽带（UWB）定位技术为原理的无线传输定位系统，UWB定位基本原理基于三边

测量算法并在后端数据处理中引入自适应卡尔曼滤波进一步提高其定位精度。该系统硬件层面具有低功耗、高效率的优

点；算法层面卡尔曼滤波可以使系统达到更高精度，静态测距精度可达到0.1m以内，动态测距精度可达到0.2m以内。该系

统可对工作人员长时间进行高精度、高效率的定位。经实验验证，该系统能够在无网络的情况下及时进行高精度跟踪定位，

具有极强的鲁棒性。

关键词：现场可编程门阵列；超宽带；自适应卡尔曼滤波；双边双向测距；三边测量算法；鲁棒性

DesignandimplementationofUWBtunnelpersonnelpositioningsystembasedonFPGA

Abstract：Thecommunicationsignalusedindomestictunnelconstructionisnotgoodandfailstoprovideaccurate

positioningsignal.Therefore,bytakingthefield⁃programmablegatearray(FPGA)asthemaincontrolhardware,awireless

transmissionpositioningsystembasedonultra⁃wideband(UWB)positioningtechnologyisproposed.ThebasicprincipleofUWB

positioningisbasedonthetrilateralmeasurementalgorithmandtheadaptiveKalmanfilterisintroducedintotheback⁃enddata

processingtofurtherimproveitspositioningaccuracy.Atthelevelofhardware,thesystemhastheadvantagesoflowpower

consumptionandhighefficiency.Atthelevelofalgorithm,theKalmanfiltercanmakethesystemachievehigheraccuracy.Its

staticrangingaccuracycanreach0.1m,anditsdynamicrangingaccuracycanreach0.2m.Thesystemcanpositionthestafffor

alongtimewithhighprecisionandhighefficiency.Theexperimentalresultsshowthattheproposedsystemcantrackandlocate

personnelaccuratelyintimewithoutnetwork,soithasstrongrobustness.

Keywords：FPGA;UWB;adaptiveKalmanfiltering;two⁃waybidirectionalranging;trilateralmeasurementalgorithm;

robustness