《非谓语复习总结》PPT课件.ppt

精选PPT按动词是否作谓语可以分为谓语动词和非谓语动词形式意义举例人称数时态语态语气1、谓语动词(如下)与主语在人称一致与主语在人称一致表示动作发生的时间主语是动作的发生者或者承受者说话人表达事实、要求、愿望等Heisastudent.第三人称Iamreadingnow.第一人称Hewriteswell.第三人称单数Hewrotealettertomelastmonth.过去时态WestudyEnglish.主动Theroadwasfilledwithrubbish.被动HehasflowntoAmerica.事实IwishIcouldflytothemoonsomeday.愿望Openthedoortolettheairin.要求2、非谓语动词形式意义用途举例不定式动名词分词现在分词过去分词起形容词和名词作用可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语Ittakesme20minutestogotoschool起名词作用作主.宾.表.定语Shelikesreading.起形容词、副词作用，表主动作表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语Thesteamisseenrisingfromthewetclothes.起形容词、副词作用，表被动Thecupisbroken.非谓语动词的逻辑主语：谓语动词需要真正的主语指明动作的发出者，而非谓语动词是不用作谓语的动词,所以它没有真正的主语。但是，作为动词的一种形式,非谓语动词也应有自己理论上或逻辑上的主语,即动作涉及的对象.Itisinterestingformetoreadthisstory.请指出句子中非谓语动词的逻辑主语：Ioftenhearhimsingingthissong.Ioftenhearthissongsung.Isawherbeingtakentotheoperatingroom.(1)（主语一致）分词作状语，它的逻辑主语通常应是句子主语，否则会出错。Findinghercarstolen,______.A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelp B.theareawassearchedthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhereD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp（2）分词的独立主格结构A若主语不一致，则应改用其他句型：误：Crossingtheroad,acarknockedhimdown.正：Crossingtheroad,hewasknockeddownbyacar.正：Whenhewascrossingtheroad,acarknockedhimdown.B主语不一致还可在分词前加一个名词或代词，使之成为分词的逻辑主语，构成分词的独立主格结构.独立主格结构:1“名词/代词+分词”，通常作状语。Hersonbeingill,shehadtostayathomelookingafterhim.Therebeingiceontheroad,Itoldthedrivertoslowdown.Workfinished,helefthome.Thesubjecthavingbeenopened，hehadtogoonwithit.①Withhishomeworkfinished,hewenttoseeafilm.②Ourschoollooksmorebeautifulwithalltheflowerscomingout.③Withtheboyleadingtheway,wehadnodifficultyinfindingMrGreenshouse.④Withmuchhomeworktodo,hedecidesnottogototheparty.2with/without的复合结构（3）垂悬分词,也叫无依着分词：分词的主语既不与句子主语一致，分词本身又非独立