教程正品资源type casting.pdfVIP

TypeCasting

Typecastingisawaytocheckthetypeofaninstance,and/ortotreatthatinstanceasifitisadifferent

superclassorsubclassfromsomewhereelseinitsownclasshierarchy.

TypecastinginSwiftisimplementedwiththeisandasoperators.Thesetwooperatorsprovideasimpleand

expressivewaytocheckthetypeofavalueorcastavaluetoadifferenttype.

Youcsousetypecastingtocheckwhetheratypeconformstoaprotocol,asdescribedheckingfor

ProtocolConformance.

DefiningaClassHierarchyforTypeCasting

Youcanusetypecastingwithahierarchyofclassesandsubclassestocheckthetypeofaparticularclass

instanceandtocastthatinstancetoanotherclasswithinthesamehierarchy.Thethreecodesnippetsbelow

defineahierarchyofclassesandanarraycontaininginstancesofthoseclasses,foruseinanexampleoftype

casting.

ThefirstsnippetdefinesanewbaseclasscalledMediaItem.Thisclassprovidesbasicfunctionalityforany

kindofitemthatappearsinadigitalmedialibrary.Specifically,itdeclaresanamepropertyoftypeString,and

aninitnameinitializer.(Itisassumedthatallmediaitems,ludingallmoviesandsongs,willhaveaname.)

1classMediaItem{

2varname:String

3init(name:String){

4self.name=name

5}

6}

ThenextsnippetdefinestwosubclassesofMediaItem.Thefirstsubclass,Movie,encapsulatesadditional

informationaboutamovieorfilm.ItaddsadirectorpropertyontopofthebaseMediaItemclass,witha

correspondinginitializer.Thesecondsubclass,Song,addsanpropertyandinitializerontopofthebase

class:

1classMovie:MediaItem{

2vardirector:String

3init(name:String,director:String){

4self.director=director

5super.init(name:name)

6}

7}