句子成分及种类.ppt

句子成分主语主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物，也是谓语动作的执行者。Threeplustwoisfive.ItisagreatpleasuretoswimintheriverSmokingdoesharmtothehealth.Therearemanystudentsinmyclass.Areyouastudent?Herecomesthebus.Whowillattendthemeetinghasnotbeendecided.4.Itisgoodtogotobedearly.谓语描述主语的行为动作或所处状态。通常由v充当。V分为实意动词、系动词、情态动词、助动词。1.WeloveChina.2.Sheseemstired.3.HecanspeakEnglish.4.Wehavefinishedreadingthebook.宾语表示动作的对象或承受者。一般放在及物动词或介词后。1.Wheredidyoubuyit?2.Ifyouplus5and7,youwillget12.3.Weshouldhelpthepoor.4.Remembertotellhimtocome.5.Pleasestopmakingnoise.6.Shesaidthatshewassick.表语跟在系动词后面的词语或句子，用以说明主语的身份、特征、状态。1.Thetreesturngreen.2.Theflowersarebeautiful.3.MyjobistoteachyouEnglish.4.Thequestionishowwecangetthere.定语用来修饰限定名词；分为：前置定语、后置定语1.Thisisaredcar.2.Openyourmouth.3.Thewomandoctorismywife.4.Ihavesomethingtotellyou.5.Thechangingproblemissodifficult.6.Thegroundiscoveredwithfallenleaves.7.Ihavesomethinginterestingtotellyou.8.Thebooksonthetopwerejustbought.9.Let’stryanotherwaytodothis.10.Mostpeopleinvitedtothemeetingarefamous.11.Helosthisbookthatwasboughtlastweek.宾语补足语说明宾语的性质、状态。1.Wefindhimfunny.2.Willyouinvitethemin?3.Thesethingsshouldbekeptinthebox.4.Whenhearrived,hefoundallpeoplegone.5.Hewascaughtcheatingintheexam.1.Togetagoodview,heclimbedtothetop.2.Arrivingthere,callmeup.3.Seenfromspace,theearthlookslikeawaterglobe.4.Iwenthome,hungryandtired.5.Theteachercamein,followedbystudents.同位语对句子某一成分做进一步解释、说明，与前面名词在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫同位语。1.Wehavetwofriends,anAmericanandaCanadian.EXERCISES指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.He