Unit 1 Back to school Period 3 Grammar and usage（精讲课件） - 2023-2024学年高一英语上学期同步精品课堂（译林版2020必修第一册）.pptx

译林版英语必修一Unit1:BacktoschoolPeriod3:GrammarandusageTeachingobjectives1.Categorizethesentenceelementsandsummarizethegeneralrules;2.Distinguishandchoosetherightsentencestructures;3.Applyappropriatesentencestructuresinnewsituations.观察例句1．Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.2．Theyarebirdsofafeather.3．Iheardthebirdssinging.4．Sheboughtthebirdacage.5．Thisisapicture.6．Themanageraskedthecollegestudenttocomein.7．Lighttravelsmostquickly.定语，谓语定语宾语补足语宾语表语主语状语归纳用法1．主语(subject)主语是一个句子所叙述的主体、动作的发出者，一般位于句首。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等构成。Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.归纳用法2．表语(predicative)表语说明主语的身份、特征和状态，在系动词(be，become，get，look，grow，turn，seem等)之后。表语由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语及表语从句构成。HisjobistoteachEnglish.Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.归纳用法3．宾语(object)宾语是动作的施加对象或承受者，在及物动词后，或“不及物动词＋相应介词”后。宾语由名词性的词充当。宾语按词性分为：动词宾语和介词宾语，分别构成动宾结构和介宾结构。Ithink(that)heisfitforhisoffice.Lendmeyourdictionary，please.归纳用法4．宾语补足语(objectcomplement)有些及物动词，除有宾语以外，还需有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句来充当。Doyouconsiderhimtrust-worthy?Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.归纳用法5．定语(attribute)修饰名词、代词的词称为定语。可由单词、短语、从句充当。定语有形容词的特征。Guilinisabeautifulcity.HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.归纳用法6．状语(adverbial)修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫作状语。Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.Onceyoubegin，youmustcontinue.即学即练分析下列句子成分1.I①apologizedto②her③forsteppingonherfoot④.③宾语①主语②谓语④状语2.Themeeting①heldyesterday②was③important④.③系动词①主语②定语④表语即学即练分析下列句子成分3.Dontforget①towakemeup②atsixtomorrowmorning③.③状语①谓语②宾语4.We①saw②them③playingfootball④ontheplayground⑤.⑤状语③宾语④宾补①主语②谓语基本句子结构1．主谓(SV)[观察例句]Therainstopped.雨停了。Themoonrose.月亮升起来了。[归纳用法]句型特点：谓语动词是不及物动词，本身能表达完整的意思，后面不需接宾语。基本句子结构2．主谓状(SVA)[观察例句]Thetimepassedquickly.时间过得很快。Theoldmanwalksintheparkeverymorning.那个老人每天早上在公园里散步。[归纳用法]句型特点：谓语动词是不